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<p>Alcohol consumption (AC) is a major contributor to preventable morbidity and mortality. Fine-grained, near real-time data may capture short-term fluctuations in alcohol use, yet evidence on long-term temporal drinking patterns remains limited. Using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 12 months, we quantified weekly, seasonal, and pandemic-related drinking patterns in individuals aged 16–66 with alcohol use disorder (AUD) recruited February 2020–September 2024. Outcomes were modelled as drinking frequency (any vs. none per day) and drinking-day amount (g/day on drinking days). Mixed-effects models tested weekends, holiday-related days, annual seasonality, lockdown periods, and time since study entry. Among 670 participants, drinking frequency and drinking-day amount increased on weekends (frequency: β = 0.354; amount: β = 0.078; both <i>p</i> &lt; .001) and holiday-related days (frequency: β = 0.319; amount: β = 0.056; both <i>p</i> &lt; .001). During lockdowns, drinking frequency was higher (β = 0.074; <i>p</i> = .007), whereas drinking-day amount did not change. Seasonal variation was observed (frequency: β = 0.252; amount: β = 0.035; both <i>p</i> &lt; .001), with December peaks and January declines. Drinking frequency declined early after study entry (β = −0.0005; <i>p</i> = .002) and then remained stable at a lower level than at study entry, with no time trend in drinking-day amount. Long-term EMA captured drinking patterns and suggested possible assessment-related changes early after study entry. Higher-consumption windows (weekends, holiday-related days, December) may help inform the timing of prevention and intervention strategies; causal effects of repeated EMA (i.e., assessment reactivity) should be tested in randomized controlled trials.</p>

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Temporal patterns of alcohol use in alcohol use disorder: a 12-month ecological momentary assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Nadja S. Bahr,
  • Andreas Heinz,
  • Michael A. Rapp,
  • Dominik Reichert,
  • Markus Reichert,
  • Paula Richter,
  • Sarah-Lena Wagner,
  • Sabrina Dörr,
  • Rika Groß,
  • Jan Luca Wiedenhöft,
  • Johannes Steffen,
  • Hao Chen,
  • Bernd Lenz,
  • Michael N. Smolka,
  • Tobias Banaschewski,
  • Patrick Bach,
  • Falk Kiefer,
  • Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer,
  • Gianna Spitta,
  • Fabian Arntz

摘要

Alcohol consumption (AC) is a major contributor to preventable morbidity and mortality. Fine-grained, near real-time data may capture short-term fluctuations in alcohol use, yet evidence on long-term temporal drinking patterns remains limited. Using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 12 months, we quantified weekly, seasonal, and pandemic-related drinking patterns in individuals aged 16–66 with alcohol use disorder (AUD) recruited February 2020–September 2024. Outcomes were modelled as drinking frequency (any vs. none per day) and drinking-day amount (g/day on drinking days). Mixed-effects models tested weekends, holiday-related days, annual seasonality, lockdown periods, and time since study entry. Among 670 participants, drinking frequency and drinking-day amount increased on weekends (frequency: β = 0.354; amount: β = 0.078; both p < .001) and holiday-related days (frequency: β = 0.319; amount: β = 0.056; both p < .001). During lockdowns, drinking frequency was higher (β = 0.074; p = .007), whereas drinking-day amount did not change. Seasonal variation was observed (frequency: β = 0.252; amount: β = 0.035; both p < .001), with December peaks and January declines. Drinking frequency declined early after study entry (β = −0.0005; p = .002) and then remained stable at a lower level than at study entry, with no time trend in drinking-day amount. Long-term EMA captured drinking patterns and suggested possible assessment-related changes early after study entry. Higher-consumption windows (weekends, holiday-related days, December) may help inform the timing of prevention and intervention strategies; causal effects of repeated EMA (i.e., assessment reactivity) should be tested in randomized controlled trials.