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Objectives <p>Screening for hearing impairments is part of the mandatory medical visits for infants at nine months and two years in France, however adherence to guidelines is low, diagnostic methods are varied and accuracy is undocumented. The aim of this research was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Petale<sup>®</sup> behavioral auditory test for infants aged nine months to three years who were screened for hearing impairments by a general practitioner (GP) or pediatrician.</p> Methods <p>In this prospective diagnostic accuracy study, infants in France aged nine months to three years were tested with Petale<sup>®</sup> (index test) during a GP or pediatrician consultation and a specialist hearing assessment with a conditioned orientation reflex (COR) test carried out by an Ear-Nose-Throat specialist (reference test).</p> Results <p>Overall, 157 infants were included in the analysis population and 119 had both an index test and a reference test. Median age was 1.5 years (IQR 1.0;2.0). A hearing impairment was identified with Petale<sup>®</sup> for 58 (36.9%) infants. Sensitivity was 66.67% (95%CI 44.89–88.44), specificity was 71.29% (62.46–80.11), PPV was 29.27% (15.34–43.20), NPV 92.31% (86.39–98.22) and accuracy 70.59% (62.40-78.77). The Kappa index for concordance was 0.249 (95%CI 0.079–0.418) indicating a weak concordance between the two diagnostic tests. Overall, 98.7% of practitioners and 99.1% of parents were satisfied or very satisfied with Petale<sup>®</sup>.</p> Conclusions <p>The diagnostic accuracy of Petale<sup>®</sup> is unsatisfactory. Nevertheless, parents’ and practitioners’ satisfaction with the test is high and the test was shown to be an easy, quick-to-use, cost-effective solution for this population where data on proven audiometry testing protocols are lacking.</p>

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Petale® behavioral auditory test for infants aged nine months to three years: A diagnostic accuracy pilot study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Bruno Maetz,
  • Pierre Fayoux,
  • Christophe Vincent,
  • Philippine Toulemonde,
  • Alexandre Caze

摘要

Objectives

Screening for hearing impairments is part of the mandatory medical visits for infants at nine months and two years in France, however adherence to guidelines is low, diagnostic methods are varied and accuracy is undocumented. The aim of this research was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Petale® behavioral auditory test for infants aged nine months to three years who were screened for hearing impairments by a general practitioner (GP) or pediatrician.

Methods

In this prospective diagnostic accuracy study, infants in France aged nine months to three years were tested with Petale® (index test) during a GP or pediatrician consultation and a specialist hearing assessment with a conditioned orientation reflex (COR) test carried out by an Ear-Nose-Throat specialist (reference test).

Results

Overall, 157 infants were included in the analysis population and 119 had both an index test and a reference test. Median age was 1.5 years (IQR 1.0;2.0). A hearing impairment was identified with Petale® for 58 (36.9%) infants. Sensitivity was 66.67% (95%CI 44.89–88.44), specificity was 71.29% (62.46–80.11), PPV was 29.27% (15.34–43.20), NPV 92.31% (86.39–98.22) and accuracy 70.59% (62.40-78.77). The Kappa index for concordance was 0.249 (95%CI 0.079–0.418) indicating a weak concordance between the two diagnostic tests. Overall, 98.7% of practitioners and 99.1% of parents were satisfied or very satisfied with Petale®.

Conclusions

The diagnostic accuracy of Petale® is unsatisfactory. Nevertheless, parents’ and practitioners’ satisfaction with the test is high and the test was shown to be an easy, quick-to-use, cost-effective solution for this population where data on proven audiometry testing protocols are lacking.