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Purpose <p>Dyslipidemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a novel lipid parameter, predicts cardiovascular outcomes independently of traditional lipid indices, but its prognostic value in SSNHL remains unclear. We examined whether baseline RC is associated with short-term hearing outcome after systemic treatment.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 399 patients diagnosed with SSNHL who received standardized systemic treatment for 1–2 weeks. RC was calculated as total cholesterol − LDL-C − HDL-C. The primary endpoint was non-recovery, defined as a pure-tone average (PTA) improvement &lt; 15 dB; sensitivity analyses used &lt; 10 dB based on different guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to evaluate associations. Patients were additionally stratified by LDL-C and RC to assess prognostic information beyond LDL-C.</p> Results <p>Of the 399 patients, 178 (44.6%) achieved short-term hearing recovery. Higher RC was independently associated with non-recovery (adjusted OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.34–3.77; <i>P</i> = 0.002), and spline analyses suggested an approximately linear relationship. Findings were consistent using the 10 dB definition (adjusted OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.31–3.36; <i>P</i> = 0.002). Compared with low LDL-C/low RC, non-recovery odds were higher in high LDL-C/low RC (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17–2.95), low LDL-C/high RC (adjusted OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.37–9.06), and high LDL-C/high RC (adjusted OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.63–4.41).</p> Conclusions <p>Elevated RC is independently associated with poorer short-term recovery in SSNHL. RC may serve as an easily obtainable biomarker for short-term recovery stratification in SSNHL.</p>

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Association between remnant cholesterol and short-term hearing outcomes in sudden sensorineural hearing loss

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Qin Li,
  • Haohong Lai,
  • Li Ma,
  • Jiyuan Yin,
  • Juntao Wu,
  • Haidi Yang

摘要

Purpose

Dyslipidemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a novel lipid parameter, predicts cardiovascular outcomes independently of traditional lipid indices, but its prognostic value in SSNHL remains unclear. We examined whether baseline RC is associated with short-term hearing outcome after systemic treatment.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 399 patients diagnosed with SSNHL who received standardized systemic treatment for 1–2 weeks. RC was calculated as total cholesterol − LDL-C − HDL-C. The primary endpoint was non-recovery, defined as a pure-tone average (PTA) improvement < 15 dB; sensitivity analyses used < 10 dB based on different guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to evaluate associations. Patients were additionally stratified by LDL-C and RC to assess prognostic information beyond LDL-C.

Results

Of the 399 patients, 178 (44.6%) achieved short-term hearing recovery. Higher RC was independently associated with non-recovery (adjusted OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.34–3.77; P = 0.002), and spline analyses suggested an approximately linear relationship. Findings were consistent using the 10 dB definition (adjusted OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.31–3.36; P = 0.002). Compared with low LDL-C/low RC, non-recovery odds were higher in high LDL-C/low RC (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17–2.95), low LDL-C/high RC (adjusted OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.37–9.06), and high LDL-C/high RC (adjusted OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.63–4.41).

Conclusions

Elevated RC is independently associated with poorer short-term recovery in SSNHL. RC may serve as an easily obtainable biomarker for short-term recovery stratification in SSNHL.