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Purpose <p>This systematic review consolidates current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of awake, office-based procedures for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). It aims to evaluate whether these minimally invasive interventions performed under local anesthesia are viable alternatives to conventional sinus surgery under general anesthesia.</p> Methods <p>A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases was performed through November 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected using the PICOS framework, including adult patients undergoing in-office procedures (e.g., balloon sinus dilation, endoscopic sinus surgery, polypectomy, steroid-eluting implant placement) for CRS. Data were extracted and narratively synthesized due to heterogeneity.</p> Results <p>Eleven studies involving 1,283 patients were included. The procedures demonstrated significant and sustained improvements in patient-reported (SNOT-22, SNOT-20, NOSE, VAS) and objective (Lund-Mackay, Nasal Polyp Score) outcomes. Complication rates were low, with minor adverse events. Intraoperative pain was generally mild, tolerability was high (82–95%), and patients reported rapid recovery (often within 48&#xa0;h) and high satisfaction (72–95% willing to repeat the procedure).</p> Conclusion <p>Awake sinus procedures are an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment option for selected CRS patients. They offer significant symptom relief, high patient satisfaction, and rapid recovery while avoiding general anesthesia. These techniques represent a transformative, patient-centered, and resource-efficient component of modern rhinology.</p>

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A comprehensive systematic review on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of awake procedures for chronic rhino-sinusitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月15日

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  • Domiziana Nardelli,
  • Francesco Iafrati,
  • Antonio Moffa,
  • Benedetta Cristalli,
  • Iman Al Afifi,
  • Lorenzo Sabatino,
  • Ofer Jacobowitz,
  • Peter M Baptista,
  • Manuele Casale

摘要

Purpose

This systematic review consolidates current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of awake, office-based procedures for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). It aims to evaluate whether these minimally invasive interventions performed under local anesthesia are viable alternatives to conventional sinus surgery under general anesthesia.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases was performed through November 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected using the PICOS framework, including adult patients undergoing in-office procedures (e.g., balloon sinus dilation, endoscopic sinus surgery, polypectomy, steroid-eluting implant placement) for CRS. Data were extracted and narratively synthesized due to heterogeneity.

Results

Eleven studies involving 1,283 patients were included. The procedures demonstrated significant and sustained improvements in patient-reported (SNOT-22, SNOT-20, NOSE, VAS) and objective (Lund-Mackay, Nasal Polyp Score) outcomes. Complication rates were low, with minor adverse events. Intraoperative pain was generally mild, tolerability was high (82–95%), and patients reported rapid recovery (often within 48 h) and high satisfaction (72–95% willing to repeat the procedure).

Conclusion

Awake sinus procedures are an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment option for selected CRS patients. They offer significant symptom relief, high patient satisfaction, and rapid recovery while avoiding general anesthesia. These techniques represent a transformative, patient-centered, and resource-efficient component of modern rhinology.