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<p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder affecting the oral mucosa impacting the quality of life. Supplementation with adjunctive vitamin D may accelerate early symptom relief and lesion healing; however, overall efficacy across time points remains uncertain due to limited evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing adjunctive vitamin D plus standard therapy versus standard therapy alone in OLP patients. Data were pooled using common or random effects models, sensitivity analyses assessed heterogeneity, and effects were expressed as mean differences (MD), standardized mean differences (SMD), or risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Four randomized controlled trials including 137 adults with symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP) were included in the analysis. Adjuvant vitamin D produced significant pain reductions at 2 weeks (MD − 0.85; 95% CI − 1.36 to − 0.35; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; I² = 0%), 4 weeks (MD − 1.64; 95% CI − 2.94 to − 0.34; <i>p</i> = 0.014; I² = 80.3%), and 6 weeks (MD − 1.64; 95% CI − 2.98 to − 0.29; <i>p</i> = 0.017; I² = 63.1%). Clinical scores improved significantly at 6 weeks (SMD − 0.58; 95% CI − 1.02 to − 0.15; <i>p</i> = 0.009; I² = 28.1%) but not at earlier or later timepoints. Mucosal healing showed a significant increase (RR 4.04; 95% CI 1.12 to 14.54; <i>p</i> = 0.003; I² = 0%). Salivary TNF-α decreased significantly (MD − 1.76 pg/mL; 95% CI − 2.94 to − 0.57; <i>p</i> = 0.004; I² = 45.7%). Adjunctive vitamin D enhances pain relief, clinical improvement, and reduces inflammation in OLP over a 6-week period; with no clear between-group differences by 8 weeks. These findings support further trials to optimize dosing and evaluate long-term benefits.</p>

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Vitamin D as an adjuvant therapy in oral lichen planus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Ibraheem Altamimi,
  • Mohamed Saad Rakab,
  • Rana Alqahtani,
  • Raghad Hamdan Albalawi,
  • Shada Alanazi,
  • Raghad Moraya Alfaifi,
  • Bara Mahdi Bahakeem,
  • Fahad S. Almutairi,
  • Lamyaa Hamdan Almutairi,
  • Shahad A. Almakhaitah,
  • Abdullah Almuqrin

摘要

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder affecting the oral mucosa impacting the quality of life. Supplementation with adjunctive vitamin D may accelerate early symptom relief and lesion healing; however, overall efficacy across time points remains uncertain due to limited evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing adjunctive vitamin D plus standard therapy versus standard therapy alone in OLP patients. Data were pooled using common or random effects models, sensitivity analyses assessed heterogeneity, and effects were expressed as mean differences (MD), standardized mean differences (SMD), or risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Four randomized controlled trials including 137 adults with symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP) were included in the analysis. Adjuvant vitamin D produced significant pain reductions at 2 weeks (MD − 0.85; 95% CI − 1.36 to − 0.35; p < 0.001; I² = 0%), 4 weeks (MD − 1.64; 95% CI − 2.94 to − 0.34; p = 0.014; I² = 80.3%), and 6 weeks (MD − 1.64; 95% CI − 2.98 to − 0.29; p = 0.017; I² = 63.1%). Clinical scores improved significantly at 6 weeks (SMD − 0.58; 95% CI − 1.02 to − 0.15; p = 0.009; I² = 28.1%) but not at earlier or later timepoints. Mucosal healing showed a significant increase (RR 4.04; 95% CI 1.12 to 14.54; p = 0.003; I² = 0%). Salivary TNF-α decreased significantly (MD − 1.76 pg/mL; 95% CI − 2.94 to − 0.57; p = 0.004; I² = 45.7%). Adjunctive vitamin D enhances pain relief, clinical improvement, and reduces inflammation in OLP over a 6-week period; with no clear between-group differences by 8 weeks. These findings support further trials to optimize dosing and evaluate long-term benefits.