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<p>An efficient proton transporting poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/polybenzoxazine (PVA/CS/PBZ) composite membrane embedded with SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles was successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method, with cross-linking of PVA using dialdehyde, and thin film formation achieved through the doctor blade technique. This study focused on enhancing proton conductivity in nanocomposite membranes for proton exchange membrane cells (PEMCs) by incorporatingSnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) into the PVA/CS/PBZ matrix. The ion exchange capacity(IEC) ofthe base polymer with dialdehyde-modified PVA reached 0.25 mmol/g, while the addition of SnO₂ NPs at 2% and 3% increased IEC to 1.45 and 1.63 mmol/g, respectively. Water uptake behavior improved with SnO₂ loading, and membrane thickness swelling was significantly reduced, indicating better dimensional stability. Notably, proton conductivity was enhanced in all nanocomposite variants, with the 3% SnO₂-loaded membrane achieving the highest conductivity of 0.094&#xa0;S/cm at 90&#xa0;°C—demonstrating a 29.8% improvement in membrane stability over the unmodified matrix. The CS/PBZ/PVA/3 wt% SnO₂ membrane demonstrates a higher terminal voltage (OCV) and maintains better electrochemical unit potential across the entire current density range compared to the unmodified CS/PBZ/PVA membrane.</p>

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SnO2 nanoparticle dispersed polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and polybenzoxazine inter-crosslinked composite membrane having higher proton transport characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • G. Durgadevi,
  • R Abinesh,
  • C. Karikal Chozhan,
  • A. Chandramohan,
  • Dinakaran Kannaiyan

摘要

An efficient proton transporting poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/polybenzoxazine (PVA/CS/PBZ) composite membrane embedded with SnO2 nanoparticles was successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method, with cross-linking of PVA using dialdehyde, and thin film formation achieved through the doctor blade technique. This study focused on enhancing proton conductivity in nanocomposite membranes for proton exchange membrane cells (PEMCs) by incorporatingSnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) into the PVA/CS/PBZ matrix. The ion exchange capacity(IEC) ofthe base polymer with dialdehyde-modified PVA reached 0.25 mmol/g, while the addition of SnO₂ NPs at 2% and 3% increased IEC to 1.45 and 1.63 mmol/g, respectively. Water uptake behavior improved with SnO₂ loading, and membrane thickness swelling was significantly reduced, indicating better dimensional stability. Notably, proton conductivity was enhanced in all nanocomposite variants, with the 3% SnO₂-loaded membrane achieving the highest conductivity of 0.094 S/cm at 90 °C—demonstrating a 29.8% improvement in membrane stability over the unmodified matrix. The CS/PBZ/PVA/3 wt% SnO₂ membrane demonstrates a higher terminal voltage (OCV) and maintains better electrochemical unit potential across the entire current density range compared to the unmodified CS/PBZ/PVA membrane.