Fabrication and catalytic application of microgel-based copper oxide nanocomposite
摘要
In the present work, a quaterpolymeric microgel-based monometallic CuO nanocomposite (M@CuO) has been synthesized and evaluated as an efficient catalyst for the NaBH₄-assisted reduction of methylene blue and para-nitrophenol. The microgel network has been constructed via free-radical emulsion polymerization of styrene, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, methacrylic acid, and N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (crosslinker), followed by hydrothermal incorporation of CuO nanoparticles. Comprehensive characterization using FT-IR, TGA, DLS, XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy has confirmed successful microgel formation, thermal stability up to ~ 340 °C, reduced hydrodynamic size after CuO loading, and uniform nanoparticle distribution within the microgel matrix. The embedded CuO nanoparticles have exhibited a crystalline size of 4.34 nm. Catalytic studies have demonstrated that M@CuO effectively reduced both methylene blue (MB) and para-nitro phenol (PNP), with performance dependent on catalyst and NaBH₄ concentrations. Further, the catalytic performance of M@CuO is proportional to the presence of a relatively larger amount of CuO NPs within the microgel. Further, the kinetics of the reduction reactions have been studied using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. M@CuO nanocomposite with NaBH₄ has showed the best catalytic efficiency, reaching 96.29% reduction of MB and 97.57% of PNP, with respective rate constants of 17.87 × 10⁻² and 17.24 × 10⁻² min⁻¹.