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<p>The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with programmable properties remains a key research focus for diverse applications. This study reports a facile wet-chemical method to synthesize Ag NPs stabilized by poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA). The effects of reaction time, temperature, and PSMA concentration on the formation, structure, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of the Ag NPs were systematically investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Spherical Ag NPs with a face-centered cubic structure were successfully obtained using PSMA concentrations between 0.1 and 1.0 wt% at temperatures of 100–130&#xa0;°C. Excessive PSMA (e.g., 1.0 wt%) combined with low temperature (100&#xa0;°C) inhibited the reduction of silver ions by DMF, retarding nanoparticle formation and growth. In contrast, stable dispersions of Ag NPs were rapidly produced at 130&#xa0;°C within an optimal PSMA range of 0.1–0.5 wt%. The main novelty of this work lies in introducing PSMA as a multifunctional stabilizer that provides strong Ag⁺ complexation, robust steric protection, and built-in reactivity for further functionalization, offering a controllable and efficient route to stable Ag NPs.</p> Graphical Abstract <p> A facile wet-chemical synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was achieved using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) as a multifunctional stabilizer, ensuring controlled growth and superior colloidal stability</p> <p></p>

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Tuning the formation and stability of silver nanoparticles: roles of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) content and reaction conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Min Zhou,
  • Xiao-Bo Nie

摘要

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with programmable properties remains a key research focus for diverse applications. This study reports a facile wet-chemical method to synthesize Ag NPs stabilized by poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA). The effects of reaction time, temperature, and PSMA concentration on the formation, structure, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of the Ag NPs were systematically investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Spherical Ag NPs with a face-centered cubic structure were successfully obtained using PSMA concentrations between 0.1 and 1.0 wt% at temperatures of 100–130 °C. Excessive PSMA (e.g., 1.0 wt%) combined with low temperature (100 °C) inhibited the reduction of silver ions by DMF, retarding nanoparticle formation and growth. In contrast, stable dispersions of Ag NPs were rapidly produced at 130 °C within an optimal PSMA range of 0.1–0.5 wt%. The main novelty of this work lies in introducing PSMA as a multifunctional stabilizer that provides strong Ag⁺ complexation, robust steric protection, and built-in reactivity for further functionalization, offering a controllable and efficient route to stable Ag NPs.

Graphical Abstract

A facile wet-chemical synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was achieved using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) as a multifunctional stabilizer, ensuring controlled growth and superior colloidal stability