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<p>Photothermally responsive hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties are highly sought after for applications in biomedical engineering, soft actuators, and wearable devices. This work presents a simple and effective strategy to construct such hydrogels with enhanced mechanical and photothermal performance by incorporating polydopamine (PDA) and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) via a freeze–thaw process. PDA serves as a broadband photothermal agent, while Au NPs contribute localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects. Both PDA and Au NPs also act as physical crosslinking points and stress transfer centers within the hydrogel network, and the inclusion of Au NPs further facilitates charge carrier migration, enhancing photothermal conversion. Consequently, compared with pure PVA hydrogels, the PVA@PDA@Au hydrogels exhibited markedly improved photothermal conversion efficiency after three freeze–thaw cycles due to the synergistic interactions among PDA, Au NPs, and the PVA network. In addition, the mechanical properties were significantly enhanced, with the maximum load, tensile strength, and yield stress increasing by 4.6-, 4.2-, and eightfold, respectively.</p> Graphical abstract <p>Photothermally responsive PVA hydrogels with enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency and mechanical strength were developed via a freeze–thaw process by synergistically incorporating polydopamine (PDA) and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs).</p> <p></p>

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Synergistic enhancement of photothermal conversion and mechanical properties in PVA hydrogels via co-doping of polydopamine and gold nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月19日

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  • Chaoqun Jiang,
  • Wenyan Zhang,
  • Yujie Zhang,
  • Huiwen Yuan

摘要

Photothermally responsive hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties are highly sought after for applications in biomedical engineering, soft actuators, and wearable devices. This work presents a simple and effective strategy to construct such hydrogels with enhanced mechanical and photothermal performance by incorporating polydopamine (PDA) and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) via a freeze–thaw process. PDA serves as a broadband photothermal agent, while Au NPs contribute localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects. Both PDA and Au NPs also act as physical crosslinking points and stress transfer centers within the hydrogel network, and the inclusion of Au NPs further facilitates charge carrier migration, enhancing photothermal conversion. Consequently, compared with pure PVA hydrogels, the PVA@PDA@Au hydrogels exhibited markedly improved photothermal conversion efficiency after three freeze–thaw cycles due to the synergistic interactions among PDA, Au NPs, and the PVA network. In addition, the mechanical properties were significantly enhanced, with the maximum load, tensile strength, and yield stress increasing by 4.6-, 4.2-, and eightfold, respectively.

Graphical abstract

Photothermally responsive PVA hydrogels with enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency and mechanical strength were developed via a freeze–thaw process by synergistically incorporating polydopamine (PDA) and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs).