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Purpose <p>Despite growing evidence related diet quality to depression, the extent to which the dietary risk factors proposed by the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) are associated with depression at international level remains unknow. To address this gap, a harmonised protocol has been developed by the Global Burden of Disease Lifestyle And mental Disorder (GLAD) project and we aimed to contribute to the GLAD project by assessing associations between the 15 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) dietary risk factors, and ultra processed foods (UPF) intakes—and recurrence of depressive symptoms (DepS) over 13&#xa0;years of follow-up in the British Whitehall II study.</p> Methods <p>Analyses carried out on 4099 participants with no prior history of DepS (73.6% men, mean age = 61.2; SD = 5.9&#xa0;years) and available assessment of dietary exposures derived from Food-Frequency questionnaire in 2002/04. Recurrent DepS was defined as having DepS in at least two of the four repeated measurements between 2002–2004 and 2015–2016, with DepS assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (score ≥ 16) or use of antidepressants.</p> Results <p>After adjusting for sex, age and socio-economic status, results of logistic regression showed that each increase of 1 standard deviation of fruit consumption (228&#xa0;g) and fibre intake (7.4&#xa0;g) was associated with 17% and 15% lower odds of recurrent DepS respectively (OR<sub>fruit</sub> = 0.83, 95% CI 0.73; 0.95, OR<sub>fiber</sub> = 0.85, 95% CI 0.75; 0.96). These associations persisted after additionally adjusting for socio-demographics, health behaviours and health related factors, including prevalent cognitive impairment.</p> Conclusion <p>Of the 16-GBD dietary factors, only fruit and fiber showed consistent associations with lower odds of recurrent depressive symptoms in the Whitehall II study.</p>

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Exposure to Global Burden of Disease dietary factors and risk of recurrent depressive symptoms: the prospective Whitehall II cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Tasnime Akbaraly,
  • Joanna Norton,
  • Thibault Mura,
  • Isabelle Jaussent,
  • Camille Lassale,
  • Felice N. Jacka,
  • Adrienne O’Neil,
  • Mika Kivimaki,
  • Deborah N. Ashtree

摘要

Purpose

Despite growing evidence related diet quality to depression, the extent to which the dietary risk factors proposed by the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) are associated with depression at international level remains unknow. To address this gap, a harmonised protocol has been developed by the Global Burden of Disease Lifestyle And mental Disorder (GLAD) project and we aimed to contribute to the GLAD project by assessing associations between the 15 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) dietary risk factors, and ultra processed foods (UPF) intakes—and recurrence of depressive symptoms (DepS) over 13 years of follow-up in the British Whitehall II study.

Methods

Analyses carried out on 4099 participants with no prior history of DepS (73.6% men, mean age = 61.2; SD = 5.9 years) and available assessment of dietary exposures derived from Food-Frequency questionnaire in 2002/04. Recurrent DepS was defined as having DepS in at least two of the four repeated measurements between 2002–2004 and 2015–2016, with DepS assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (score ≥ 16) or use of antidepressants.

Results

After adjusting for sex, age and socio-economic status, results of logistic regression showed that each increase of 1 standard deviation of fruit consumption (228 g) and fibre intake (7.4 g) was associated with 17% and 15% lower odds of recurrent DepS respectively (ORfruit = 0.83, 95% CI 0.73; 0.95, ORfiber = 0.85, 95% CI 0.75; 0.96). These associations persisted after additionally adjusting for socio-demographics, health behaviours and health related factors, including prevalent cognitive impairment.

Conclusion

Of the 16-GBD dietary factors, only fruit and fiber showed consistent associations with lower odds of recurrent depressive symptoms in the Whitehall II study.