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<p>Climate change has led to an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme high temperature events (HTE). However, there is limited understanding of the impacts of pre-exsiting soil temperature (ST) anomalies on HTEs. Using observations, reanalysis data and numerical experiments, this study investigated the relationships between the May ST in the Huanghuai region and the HTE on June 22 and 23, 2023, in North China. The results show that the ST on May 16 can significantly affect the HTE on June 22 and 23 through its impact on the atmosphere by gravity wave. The ST anomaly persistence can continue to influence the atmosphere and thus modulate subsequent HTE. Propagating from the initial ST anomalies on May 16, subsequent anomalies in the atmosphere, ST and soil moisture affect the HTE on June 22 and 23 in 2023. Through this cascade, the role of the atmospheric anomalies grows progressively more dominant than that of the ST and soil moisture anomalies over time. Moreover, in this individual case, land–atmosphere interactions on June 22 and 23 associated with antecedent ST enhance the HTE, but are not responsible for its occurrence. The conclusions highlight the important role of antecedent ST in HTE, and may draw attention to the important role of antecedent ST in HTE and other extreme events.</p>

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The influence of soil temperature anomalies in May on high temperature event in June 2023 in North China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Yaoming Song,
  • Anning Huang,
  • Haishan Chen,
  • Wei Gu

摘要

Climate change has led to an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme high temperature events (HTE). However, there is limited understanding of the impacts of pre-exsiting soil temperature (ST) anomalies on HTEs. Using observations, reanalysis data and numerical experiments, this study investigated the relationships between the May ST in the Huanghuai region and the HTE on June 22 and 23, 2023, in North China. The results show that the ST on May 16 can significantly affect the HTE on June 22 and 23 through its impact on the atmosphere by gravity wave. The ST anomaly persistence can continue to influence the atmosphere and thus modulate subsequent HTE. Propagating from the initial ST anomalies on May 16, subsequent anomalies in the atmosphere, ST and soil moisture affect the HTE on June 22 and 23 in 2023. Through this cascade, the role of the atmospheric anomalies grows progressively more dominant than that of the ST and soil moisture anomalies over time. Moreover, in this individual case, land–atmosphere interactions on June 22 and 23 associated with antecedent ST enhance the HTE, but are not responsible for its occurrence. The conclusions highlight the important role of antecedent ST in HTE, and may draw attention to the important role of antecedent ST in HTE and other extreme events.