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<p>The temperature changes in the Southern Ocean have exhibited significant regional differences in response to climate change. In this study, observation, objective analysis, and reanalysis datasets are utilized to investigate temperature changes. The results show that there is an unexpected cooling trend reaching −&#xa0;0.4&#xa0;°C per decade, occurring in the South Pacific sector between 60°W and 180°. Whereas, there is also a significant warming occurring in the South Atlantic and Indian sectors, exhibiting an obvious zonal asymmetry of temperature trend within the Antarctic circumpolar current after 2005. This zonal asymmetry is primarily governed by ageostrophic advection changes, which are modulated by the combined effect of the zonal wind and the buoyancy fluxes. Cooling in the Pacific sector arises from both intensified westerly-driven cold water supply and enhanced buoyancy loss, and the latter is responsible for the significant deep cooling that penetrates the intermediate ocean. The net ageostrophic advection contributes −&#xa0;148.7 TW to this cooling, which explains 75% of the Pacific cooling. The warming of the Atlantic and Indian sectors is primarily driven by poleward warm water intrusion from the subtropical ocean, with buoyancy gain trapping the surface cold water at the mixed layer. The net ageostrophic advection contributes 75.0 TW to this warming, equivalent to an offset of 0.2&#xa0;°C warming. This study advances the understanding of Southern Ocean thermodynamic responses to global warming.</p>

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The recent zonal asymmetry of temperature change in the Antarctic circumpolar current

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • XuBin Ni,
  • Ling Du,
  • HuangYuan Shi,
  • YiYong Luo

摘要

The temperature changes in the Southern Ocean have exhibited significant regional differences in response to climate change. In this study, observation, objective analysis, and reanalysis datasets are utilized to investigate temperature changes. The results show that there is an unexpected cooling trend reaching − 0.4 °C per decade, occurring in the South Pacific sector between 60°W and 180°. Whereas, there is also a significant warming occurring in the South Atlantic and Indian sectors, exhibiting an obvious zonal asymmetry of temperature trend within the Antarctic circumpolar current after 2005. This zonal asymmetry is primarily governed by ageostrophic advection changes, which are modulated by the combined effect of the zonal wind and the buoyancy fluxes. Cooling in the Pacific sector arises from both intensified westerly-driven cold water supply and enhanced buoyancy loss, and the latter is responsible for the significant deep cooling that penetrates the intermediate ocean. The net ageostrophic advection contributes − 148.7 TW to this cooling, which explains 75% of the Pacific cooling. The warming of the Atlantic and Indian sectors is primarily driven by poleward warm water intrusion from the subtropical ocean, with buoyancy gain trapping the surface cold water at the mixed layer. The net ageostrophic advection contributes 75.0 TW to this warming, equivalent to an offset of 0.2 °C warming. This study advances the understanding of Southern Ocean thermodynamic responses to global warming.