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<p>Radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes are critical in the influence of antecedent and simultaneous soil moisture (SM) and soil temperature (ST) on atmosphere. However, how the persistence of antecedent SM/ST anomalies influences current land surface fluxes is not yet fully understood. Based on reanalysis dataset, observations and numerical experiments, using the concept of simply connected space, this study investigates the maximum lead time at which antecedent SM/ST remain significantly correlated with current surface-layer SM/ST (MLTSM/MLTST), and the intensity of antecedent SM/ST’s influence on current surface fluxes. Results show that the SM/ST and land surface flux data from ERA5-Land exhibits closer temporal agreement with observations than those from GLDAS, MERRA-2 and NCEP. In spring and summer, the surface-layer ST correlates significantly with antecedent ST over a longer lead time than that in autumn and winter, particularly in MLTST in the area (33° N–42° N, 105° E–120° E). In this area, the impact of antecedent ST on surface fluxes is significantly pronounced. The surface-layer SM correlates significantly with antecedent SM over a longer lead time in winter and spring than that in summer and autumn, and the influence of antecedent SM on surface fluxes varies across areas and seasons. Moreover, antecedent signals with a long lead time and strong association with surface-layer ST and SM predominantly originate from deep soil layers. The conclusions from ERA5-Land demonstrate closer agreement with the simulations. The east-low–west-high spatial pattern of MLTSM is also partially captured in the simulations.</p>

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Influence of persistent soil temperature and soil moisture anomalies on land surface fluxes in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Yaoming Song,
  • Wei Gu,
  • Anning Huang,
  • Taotao Zhang,
  • Haishan Chen

摘要

Radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes are critical in the influence of antecedent and simultaneous soil moisture (SM) and soil temperature (ST) on atmosphere. However, how the persistence of antecedent SM/ST anomalies influences current land surface fluxes is not yet fully understood. Based on reanalysis dataset, observations and numerical experiments, using the concept of simply connected space, this study investigates the maximum lead time at which antecedent SM/ST remain significantly correlated with current surface-layer SM/ST (MLTSM/MLTST), and the intensity of antecedent SM/ST’s influence on current surface fluxes. Results show that the SM/ST and land surface flux data from ERA5-Land exhibits closer temporal agreement with observations than those from GLDAS, MERRA-2 and NCEP. In spring and summer, the surface-layer ST correlates significantly with antecedent ST over a longer lead time than that in autumn and winter, particularly in MLTST in the area (33° N–42° N, 105° E–120° E). In this area, the impact of antecedent ST on surface fluxes is significantly pronounced. The surface-layer SM correlates significantly with antecedent SM over a longer lead time in winter and spring than that in summer and autumn, and the influence of antecedent SM on surface fluxes varies across areas and seasons. Moreover, antecedent signals with a long lead time and strong association with surface-layer ST and SM predominantly originate from deep soil layers. The conclusions from ERA5-Land demonstrate closer agreement with the simulations. The east-low–west-high spatial pattern of MLTSM is also partially captured in the simulations.