<p>With global economic development and urbanization accelerating, the climatic impacts of anthropogenic heat release (AHR) resulting from energy consumption have intensified. In this study, we consider AHR into the community earth system model version 2 (CESM2), and evaluate the mechanisms of AHR impacts on China’s summer climate under the shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) 5–8.5 scenario. The results indicate that the impacts of AHR on the summer climate in China are expected to intensify over time. By the period of 2081–2100, AHR is projected to raise the summer mean 2-m air temperature (T<sub>2m</sub>), maximum (T<sub>smax</sub>), and minimum 2-m air temperature (T<sub>smin</sub>) across most of China by 0.43 °C, 0.40 °C, and 0.46 °C, respectively. Concurrently, the probability of extreme high temperatures is anticipated to increase, with T<sub>2m</sub> (&gt; 35 °C), T<sub>smax</sub> (&gt; 40 °C), and T<sub>smin</sub> (&gt; 30 °C) expected to rise by 10–11%. Mechanistically, AHR reduces lower tropospheric stability (LTS) and elevates the planetary boundary layer height. It also modifies low cloud fraction and net shortwave radiation at the surface, leading to pronounced warming in southeastern China, with extreme heatwave days increasing by over 10 days during 2081–2100. Furthermore, AHR alters atmospheric circulation and moisture transport, intensifies the East Asian summer monsoon, increases relative humidity and precipitation in central-eastern China, and enhances near-surface heating, amplifying heatwave frequency. These findings demonstrate that AHR is a critical driver of future summer climate change in China, particularly affecting extreme heatwaves and precipitation patterns.</p>

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Energy-driven anthropogenic heat modulates China’s summer climate: CESM2 projections under SSP5-8.5 for the late 21st century

  • Mengyi Zhang,
  • Xiaoyu Jiang,
  • Ruilin Wang,
  • Bing Chen,
  • Guo Lin,
  • Xue Wu,
  • Chenglai Wu,
  • Huiyi Yang,
  • Xiaohong Liu

摘要

With global economic development and urbanization accelerating, the climatic impacts of anthropogenic heat release (AHR) resulting from energy consumption have intensified. In this study, we consider AHR into the community earth system model version 2 (CESM2), and evaluate the mechanisms of AHR impacts on China’s summer climate under the shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) 5–8.5 scenario. The results indicate that the impacts of AHR on the summer climate in China are expected to intensify over time. By the period of 2081–2100, AHR is projected to raise the summer mean 2-m air temperature (T2m), maximum (Tsmax), and minimum 2-m air temperature (Tsmin) across most of China by 0.43 °C, 0.40 °C, and 0.46 °C, respectively. Concurrently, the probability of extreme high temperatures is anticipated to increase, with T2m (> 35 °C), Tsmax (> 40 °C), and Tsmin (> 30 °C) expected to rise by 10–11%. Mechanistically, AHR reduces lower tropospheric stability (LTS) and elevates the planetary boundary layer height. It also modifies low cloud fraction and net shortwave radiation at the surface, leading to pronounced warming in southeastern China, with extreme heatwave days increasing by over 10 days during 2081–2100. Furthermore, AHR alters atmospheric circulation and moisture transport, intensifies the East Asian summer monsoon, increases relative humidity and precipitation in central-eastern China, and enhances near-surface heating, amplifying heatwave frequency. These findings demonstrate that AHR is a critical driver of future summer climate change in China, particularly affecting extreme heatwaves and precipitation patterns.