<p>This study uses Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE), by implementing four wave-related mechanisms, to quantify wave effects on a ten-year modeling of Arctic sea ice. Simulation results for 2005–2014 show differences in the effects of the mechanisms on simulated ice concentration and volume in terms of space, time, and magnitude. Addition of wave fracture (WF) to the baseline model has the greatest impact. It substantially decreases total ice coverage in summer and autumn by up to 25% and by 30–40% in August in most of the Chukchi, East Siberian, Laptev Seas and Kara sea. The Stokes drift (SD) and wave radiation stress (WRS) usually decrease the total ice coverage from late spring to mid-summer and the opposite happens during mid-summer and autumn. The effect of wave mixing (WM) induced by turbulence associated with wave orbital motion is relatively mild resulting in deviations of less than 10% in ice concentration in most regions except for the eastern sea areas of Greenland. Comparison between simulated ice concentration with remote sensing data shows that implementation of combined rather than single wave mechanisms is more effective in increasing model accuracy. For different seasons, the highest accuracy is obtained by using different combinations of wave mechanisms. Once the WRS, WM and WF are all implemented, the simulated errors of the baseline model for annual average total ice area will be reduced by 86%. This study provides a reference for interpreting the wave effects on simulating Arctic sea ice by systematically investigating four wave-related mechanisms under the same framework.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

The influences of surface waves on a ten-year simulation of Arctic sea ice

  • Yizhi Wang,
  • Jingkai Li,
  • Jiuxin Shi,
  • Zhaohui Chen,
  • Wenqing Zhang

摘要

This study uses Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE), by implementing four wave-related mechanisms, to quantify wave effects on a ten-year modeling of Arctic sea ice. Simulation results for 2005–2014 show differences in the effects of the mechanisms on simulated ice concentration and volume in terms of space, time, and magnitude. Addition of wave fracture (WF) to the baseline model has the greatest impact. It substantially decreases total ice coverage in summer and autumn by up to 25% and by 30–40% in August in most of the Chukchi, East Siberian, Laptev Seas and Kara sea. The Stokes drift (SD) and wave radiation stress (WRS) usually decrease the total ice coverage from late spring to mid-summer and the opposite happens during mid-summer and autumn. The effect of wave mixing (WM) induced by turbulence associated with wave orbital motion is relatively mild resulting in deviations of less than 10% in ice concentration in most regions except for the eastern sea areas of Greenland. Comparison between simulated ice concentration with remote sensing data shows that implementation of combined rather than single wave mechanisms is more effective in increasing model accuracy. For different seasons, the highest accuracy is obtained by using different combinations of wave mechanisms. Once the WRS, WM and WF are all implemented, the simulated errors of the baseline model for annual average total ice area will be reduced by 86%. This study provides a reference for interpreting the wave effects on simulating Arctic sea ice by systematically investigating four wave-related mechanisms under the same framework.