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<p>Global warming and climate change have had a considerable impact on hydrometeorological variables. This has resulted in rainfall and temperature changes that offer significant difficulties to local ecosystems and rain-dependent agriculture in West Africa, including Cameroon. Despite the vital necessity of understanding long-term rainfall patterns in combatting climate change and promoting socioeconomic development, this region has received insufficient attention due to much focus on environmental issues such as deforestation and degradation and lack of reliable station data. The spatio-temporal changes in temperature and precipitation are critical for regional environmental preservation and policymaking. This study investigates the spatio-temporal patterns in rainfall and temperature throughout the primary rainy season (July to October) from 1981 to 2023, using daily Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and the ERA-5 reanalysis dataset respectively. CHIRPS has a superior performance compared to other datasets, while ERA-5 is a more advanced and sophisticated reanalysis dataset. To analyze statistical trends and significant shifts, the Mann–Kendall test and change-point analysis were used respectively. To assess correlations between variables, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was then employed. Our findings show a steady increase in mean annual temperature and a decrease in average annual rainfall, with the Southern regions of Cameroon being the most affected and the Northern regions experiencing increased rainfall. Multiple drought periods (1981–1990 and 2001–2010) contributed to lower seasonal rainfall, coinciding with rising temperatures and indicating significant shifts. Key climate drivers, particularly the WASM and SSTs have a considerable influence on these patterns. This study emphasizes the significance of spatio-temporal variability in rainfall and temperature, providing a scientific foundation for building effective climate responses in Cameroon, such as disaster preparedness, agricultural planning, energy production, and water resource management.</p>

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Climate drivers of spatio-temporal variability of july–october rainfall in cameroon (1981–2023) under climate warming

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月19日

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  • Bongfan Fannyuy Benoir,
  • Zhu Weijun,
  • Aminu Dalhatu Datti,
  • Tizazu Geremew Chemeda,
  • Sadashiv Chaturvedi,
  • Kimbi Ian Afor,
  • George Darko

摘要

Global warming and climate change have had a considerable impact on hydrometeorological variables. This has resulted in rainfall and temperature changes that offer significant difficulties to local ecosystems and rain-dependent agriculture in West Africa, including Cameroon. Despite the vital necessity of understanding long-term rainfall patterns in combatting climate change and promoting socioeconomic development, this region has received insufficient attention due to much focus on environmental issues such as deforestation and degradation and lack of reliable station data. The spatio-temporal changes in temperature and precipitation are critical for regional environmental preservation and policymaking. This study investigates the spatio-temporal patterns in rainfall and temperature throughout the primary rainy season (July to October) from 1981 to 2023, using daily Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) and the ERA-5 reanalysis dataset respectively. CHIRPS has a superior performance compared to other datasets, while ERA-5 is a more advanced and sophisticated reanalysis dataset. To analyze statistical trends and significant shifts, the Mann–Kendall test and change-point analysis were used respectively. To assess correlations between variables, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was then employed. Our findings show a steady increase in mean annual temperature and a decrease in average annual rainfall, with the Southern regions of Cameroon being the most affected and the Northern regions experiencing increased rainfall. Multiple drought periods (1981–1990 and 2001–2010) contributed to lower seasonal rainfall, coinciding with rising temperatures and indicating significant shifts. Key climate drivers, particularly the WASM and SSTs have a considerable influence on these patterns. This study emphasizes the significance of spatio-temporal variability in rainfall and temperature, providing a scientific foundation for building effective climate responses in Cameroon, such as disaster preparedness, agricultural planning, energy production, and water resource management.