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<p>Cloud radiative feedback (CRFB) is poorly reproduced by most state-of-the-art climate models during El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, with a weak amplitude and a westward shift in the negative center in the equatorial Pacific. In this study, the sources of model uncertainty of ENSO CRFB are analyzed via the model experiments based on the atmospheric models Community Earth System Mode (CESM) and a modified version of the Max Planck Institute for the Meteorology Earth System Model at low resolution (MPI-ESM-LR). Compared with the CESM, the MPI-ESM-LR fails to simulate the correct middle cloud properties, which has the dominant effect on the cloud radiative effect. In comparison, the biases of mean SST and ENSO amplitude play a considerable role in simulating the CRFB on ENSO. The CRFB bias in CMIP6 is strongly linked with that in the corresponding models from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), further indicating the important role of atmosphere model (especially the cloud and convective parameterization) in simulating the CRFB on ENSO.</p>

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Revisiting the modelled cloud radiative feedback on ENSO — the source of model uncertainty

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Wenhui Xu,
  • Xiao-Tong Zheng,
  • Kaiming Hu

摘要

Cloud radiative feedback (CRFB) is poorly reproduced by most state-of-the-art climate models during El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, with a weak amplitude and a westward shift in the negative center in the equatorial Pacific. In this study, the sources of model uncertainty of ENSO CRFB are analyzed via the model experiments based on the atmospheric models Community Earth System Mode (CESM) and a modified version of the Max Planck Institute for the Meteorology Earth System Model at low resolution (MPI-ESM-LR). Compared with the CESM, the MPI-ESM-LR fails to simulate the correct middle cloud properties, which has the dominant effect on the cloud radiative effect. In comparison, the biases of mean SST and ENSO amplitude play a considerable role in simulating the CRFB on ENSO. The CRFB bias in CMIP6 is strongly linked with that in the corresponding models from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), further indicating the important role of atmosphere model (especially the cloud and convective parameterization) in simulating the CRFB on ENSO.