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<p>We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition, sources, and light absorption of submicron aerosols (PM<sub>1</sub>) from early 2022 in Nanjing, China. The average concentration of PM<sub>1</sub> was 31 µg m<sup>−3</sup>, organics (33%) constituted the largest fraction, followed by nitrate (30%), sulfate (18%), ammonium (15%), chloride (3%), and <i>r</i>BC (2%). Four organic aerosol (OA) subcomponents were identified, including two primary OA (POA) and two secondary OA (SOA). The less-oxidized SOA (LO-OOA) contributes the most to the total OA mass (59%). LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> from levoglucosan, and another aged biomass-burning derived species, K<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA. Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality, contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions, prolonging the pollution duration. Also, LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability. Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the C<sub>x</sub>H<sub>y</sub>N<sup>+</sup> family, increased with the double-bond equivalent value. The more-oxidized SOA (MO-OOA) exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes, implying a light-bleaching effect. This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM<sub>1</sub> pollution in Nanjing, a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region, during winter, aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.</p>

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Characteristics of Submicron Aerosols (PM1) in a Yangtze River Delta Megacity: Composition, Sources, and Light Absorption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Shiyue Yang,
  • Haifeng Meng,
  • Ning Zhang,
  • Shijie Cui,
  • Yuanjie Shan,
  • Yu Huang,
  • Yunlong Xu,
  • Chongchong Zhang,
  • Xinlei Ge,
  • Mindong Chen,
  • Junfeng Wang

摘要

We conducted a field campaign to investigate the chemical composition, sources, and light absorption of submicron aerosols (PM1) from early 2022 in Nanjing, China. The average concentration of PM1 was 31 µg m−3, organics (33%) constituted the largest fraction, followed by nitrate (30%), sulfate (18%), ammonium (15%), chloride (3%), and rBC (2%). Four organic aerosol (OA) subcomponents were identified, including two primary OA (POA) and two secondary OA (SOA). The less-oxidized SOA (LO-OOA) contributes the most to the total OA mass (59%). LO-OOA is tightly correlated with the tracer ion C2H4O2+ from levoglucosan, and another aged biomass-burning derived species, K3SO4+, suggesting it was likely influenced by aged biomass-burning OA. Our study also revealed that fireworks during the Spring Festival have a detrimental impact on air quality, contributing to secondary formation and accumulation under static winter meteorological conditions, prolonging the pollution duration. Also, LO-OOA was found to have the strongest light-absorbing ability. Our results highlight that the light absorption of LO-OOA can mainly be attributed to the CxHyN+ family, increased with the double-bond equivalent value. The more-oxidized SOA (MO-OOA) exhibited a negligible light absorption and was strongly correlated with daytime photochemical processes, implying a light-bleaching effect. This study enhances our understanding of the regional contribution of biomass combustion and fireworks to PM1 pollution in Nanjing, a typical megacity in the Yangtze River Delta region, during winter, aiding in the development of strategies for long-term air quality improvement in the region.