Experiments were carried out to investigate the jet characteristics in various spray modes of electrohydrodynamic spray. Through high-speed imaging, the jet morphology of different spray modes was observed and three distinct regimes were proposed: single cone-jet, meniscus multi-jet, and edge multi-jet. The operating domains of various jet regimes of electrohydrodynamic spray within a relatively wide range of flow rates and applied potentials were identified. In the cone-jet regime, both the jet breakup length and the cone semi-angle increase with the rise of the electro-Bond number \(EBo\) and decrease with the increase of the electro-Weber number \(EWe\) . This behavior shares similarities with classical hydrodynamic sprays where the balance of inertial and capillary forces governs the jet characteristics. In the meniscus multi-jet regime, the liquid meniscus height grows with the increase of \(EBo\) but is nearly independent of \(EWe\) . In the edge multi-jet regime, the jet breakup length decreases with the increase of \(EBo\) and is hardly affected by \(EWe\) . Meanwhile, the jet deviation angle is almost independent of both \(EBo\) and \(EWe\) . The jet breakup length varies linearly with \(EBo\) , with fitting coefficients of 1.8 and -0.35 in the cone jet regime and the edge multi-jet regime respectively. The jet diameter increases with the increase of \(EWe\) but is almost independent of \(EBo\) . The results indicate that in the cone jet regime, the jet diameter increases with \(EWe\) in a power law with a coefficient of 0.6, while in the edge multi-jet regime, the jet diameter increases linearly with \(EWe\) with a coefficient of 0.018. These findings confirm that the stable edge multi-jet structure is robust.
