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Background <p>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is currently a public health concern. However, the relationship between SSB intake and the risk of kidney stones in middle-aged and young populations has not been thoroughly investigated.</p> Methods <p>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (for 2007–2016) was used. SSB intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall interviews and evaluated through two distinct metrics: (1) absolute intake, defined as the total energy derived from SSB, and (2) relative intake, expressed as the percentage of total daily energy intake contributed by SSB. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between SSB intake and the prevalence of kidney stones, with stratified and interaction analyses performed for covariates. All analyses accounted for sample weighting to ensure accurate representation.</p> Results <p>The study analyzed data from 15,779 nationally representative participants, of whom 1,224 had kidney stones. After adjusting for potential covariates, both the absolute intake of SSB (per 100&#xa0;kcal/d) and the relative intake (per 1%) were positively associated with the risk of kidney stones. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.065 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.038, 1.093) and 1.015 (95% CI: 1.009, 1.022), respectively. Compared to individuals who do not consume SSB, kidney stones risk increased with absolute SSB intake across ascending tertiles: the ORs were 1.231 (95% Cl: 0.995, 1.523), 1.335 (95% Cl: 1.075, 1.658), and 1.664 (95% Cl: 1.353, 2.048) for the lowest to highest tertiles, respectively. The ORs corresponding to the respective tertiles of relative intake were 1.224 (95% CI: 0.991, 1.511), 1.394 (95% CI: 1.128, 1.723), and 1.626 (95% CI: 1.317, 2.009). This association remained generally stable across stratified analyses. Additionally, obesity status and alcohol consumption status significantly interacted with the relative SSB intake-kidney stones relationship.</p> Conclusion <p>In middle-aged and young adults, higher SSB intake is linked to a greater kidney stone risk, indicating that limiting consumption may aid in prevention.</p>

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Both absolute and relative sugar-sweetened beverage intake are associated with kidney stones in U.S. middle-aged and young adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月23日

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  • Peng Chen,
  • Guangmei Shan,
  • Yao Zhang,
  • Teng Xia

摘要

Background

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is currently a public health concern. However, the relationship between SSB intake and the risk of kidney stones in middle-aged and young populations has not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (for 2007–2016) was used. SSB intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall interviews and evaluated through two distinct metrics: (1) absolute intake, defined as the total energy derived from SSB, and (2) relative intake, expressed as the percentage of total daily energy intake contributed by SSB. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between SSB intake and the prevalence of kidney stones, with stratified and interaction analyses performed for covariates. All analyses accounted for sample weighting to ensure accurate representation.

Results

The study analyzed data from 15,779 nationally representative participants, of whom 1,224 had kidney stones. After adjusting for potential covariates, both the absolute intake of SSB (per 100 kcal/d) and the relative intake (per 1%) were positively associated with the risk of kidney stones. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.065 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.038, 1.093) and 1.015 (95% CI: 1.009, 1.022), respectively. Compared to individuals who do not consume SSB, kidney stones risk increased with absolute SSB intake across ascending tertiles: the ORs were 1.231 (95% Cl: 0.995, 1.523), 1.335 (95% Cl: 1.075, 1.658), and 1.664 (95% Cl: 1.353, 2.048) for the lowest to highest tertiles, respectively. The ORs corresponding to the respective tertiles of relative intake were 1.224 (95% CI: 0.991, 1.511), 1.394 (95% CI: 1.128, 1.723), and 1.626 (95% CI: 1.317, 2.009). This association remained generally stable across stratified analyses. Additionally, obesity status and alcohol consumption status significantly interacted with the relative SSB intake-kidney stones relationship.

Conclusion

In middle-aged and young adults, higher SSB intake is linked to a greater kidney stone risk, indicating that limiting consumption may aid in prevention.