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<p>Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are important Ca<sup>2+</sup> binding sensors and have been extensively studied in response to various abiotic stresses in plants. In this study, we identified members of the CML gene family in quinoa based on the Arabidopsis CML genome combined with HMMER searches of the quinoa proteome, members of the CML gene family were identified in quinoa; constructed a phylogenetic tree; depicted gene structures and chromosome locations; predicted cis-acting elements; analyzed gene collinearity and duplication events; based on RNA-seq data, we analyzed the expression levels of <i>CqCML</i> in different tissues and in response to drought stress; The conclusion obtained based on the verification of the qRT-PCR experimental results. we identified a total of 32 CqCML genes and classified them into seven subfamilies. Most of them are highly hydrophilic and unstable proteins, with subcellular localization mainly in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell wall. Several CqCML proteins possess typical CML domains. MeJA-related elements are commonly present in the promoter sequences of each member of the CqCML gene family. Collinearity analysis indicated that segmental duplication expanded the CML gene family in quinoa. Transcriptome data analysis revealed that AUR62026107, AUR62009947, and AUR62036190 play important roles under the treatment of 5 days of drought followed by 1 day of rehydration. In summary, the CqCML gene family plays multiple roles in quinoa growth and development, as well as in response to drought stimulation and stress.</p>

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Whole-Genome Identification of CML in Quinoa and Expression Analysis Under Drought Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Gao Lu Rongrong,
  • Xie Yuming,
  • Yang Jie,
  • Zhou Jianlong,
  • Xia Huanyao,
  • Li Hanxue,
  • Wang Xuqin,
  • Bai Yutao,
  • Jiang Guofei,
  • Qin Peng

摘要

Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are important Ca2+ binding sensors and have been extensively studied in response to various abiotic stresses in plants. In this study, we identified members of the CML gene family in quinoa based on the Arabidopsis CML genome combined with HMMER searches of the quinoa proteome, members of the CML gene family were identified in quinoa; constructed a phylogenetic tree; depicted gene structures and chromosome locations; predicted cis-acting elements; analyzed gene collinearity and duplication events; based on RNA-seq data, we analyzed the expression levels of CqCML in different tissues and in response to drought stress; The conclusion obtained based on the verification of the qRT-PCR experimental results. we identified a total of 32 CqCML genes and classified them into seven subfamilies. Most of them are highly hydrophilic and unstable proteins, with subcellular localization mainly in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell wall. Several CqCML proteins possess typical CML domains. MeJA-related elements are commonly present in the promoter sequences of each member of the CqCML gene family. Collinearity analysis indicated that segmental duplication expanded the CML gene family in quinoa. Transcriptome data analysis revealed that AUR62026107, AUR62009947, and AUR62036190 play important roles under the treatment of 5 days of drought followed by 1 day of rehydration. In summary, the CqCML gene family plays multiple roles in quinoa growth and development, as well as in response to drought stimulation and stress.