<p>Bicolored pitaya exhibits variable flesh coloration that directly affects fruit quality and market value. This study evaluated the effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA₃) on fruit growth, total soluble solids (TSS), and fruit coloration under field conditions. GA₃ application increased fruit weight, fruit size, and peel thickness, indicating enhanced fruit enlargement. Colorimetric measurements (L*, a*, b*) and visual assessment showed that GA₃ treated fruits exhibited lighter and less uniform coloration in both peel and flesh, particularly at higher concentrations and later application stages. The effects of GA₃ on TSS were variable and not consistently significant across treatments. These findings suggest a trade-off between fruit enlargement and visible coloration following GA₃ application.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>