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<p>Aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) catalyzes the reversible transamination between aspartate and 2-oxoglutarate, linking nitrogen and carbon metabolism. Beyond its canonical role in primary metabolism, recent studies suggest that AspAT participates in stress adaptation processes in plants, yet its action in woody species remains poorly defined. Here, we investigated the functional role of <i>AspAT10</i> in poplar (<i>Populus</i> spp.) under salt stress. Our results demonstrate that <i>AspAT10</i>-overexpressing (OE) plants exhibited enhanced salt tolerance compared with wild-type (WT) counterparts, as evidenced by their growth and photosynthetic performance under saline conditions. Physiological and metabolic analysis reveals that these adaptive responses were associated with attenuated oxidative damage, and enhanced K⁺/Na⁺ balance. Concurrently, stomatal constriction and accumulation of osmoprotectants (e.g. proline, soluble sugars) further contributed to cellular stability. In addition, transcriptomic profiling uncovered extensive reprogramming of metabolic and signaling pathways, particularly those related to glutamate and proline metabolism, abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signal transduction, ion homeostasis, and lignocellulosic (cell wall-related) biosynthesis. These findings establish <i>AspAT10</i> as a multifunctional integrator linking amino acid metabolism, hormonal regulation, and cell wall remodeling to coordinate adaptive responses to salinity. It reveals a previously unrecognized function of <i>AspAT10</i> in poplar, advancing our understanding of the metabolic modulation implicated in salt tolerance in woody plant species.</p>

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Aspartate Aminotransferase 10 Enhances Salt Tolerance in Poplar by Regulating Ion Homeostasis, Antioxidant Defense, and Transcriptional Remodeling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Mei Han,
  • Xiaoning Liu,
  • Yaxin Sun,
  • Xiao Zeng,
  • Fei Wu,
  • Yujie Zhai,
  • Tao Su

摘要

Aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) catalyzes the reversible transamination between aspartate and 2-oxoglutarate, linking nitrogen and carbon metabolism. Beyond its canonical role in primary metabolism, recent studies suggest that AspAT participates in stress adaptation processes in plants, yet its action in woody species remains poorly defined. Here, we investigated the functional role of AspAT10 in poplar (Populus spp.) under salt stress. Our results demonstrate that AspAT10-overexpressing (OE) plants exhibited enhanced salt tolerance compared with wild-type (WT) counterparts, as evidenced by their growth and photosynthetic performance under saline conditions. Physiological and metabolic analysis reveals that these adaptive responses were associated with attenuated oxidative damage, and enhanced K⁺/Na⁺ balance. Concurrently, stomatal constriction and accumulation of osmoprotectants (e.g. proline, soluble sugars) further contributed to cellular stability. In addition, transcriptomic profiling uncovered extensive reprogramming of metabolic and signaling pathways, particularly those related to glutamate and proline metabolism, abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signal transduction, ion homeostasis, and lignocellulosic (cell wall-related) biosynthesis. These findings establish AspAT10 as a multifunctional integrator linking amino acid metabolism, hormonal regulation, and cell wall remodeling to coordinate adaptive responses to salinity. It reveals a previously unrecognized function of AspAT10 in poplar, advancing our understanding of the metabolic modulation implicated in salt tolerance in woody plant species.