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<p>High-quality tomato transplant production under hot off-season conditions is often constrained by excessive seedling elongation. This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs), growing substrates, and spray frequency on tomato seedling architecture, physiological traits, and nutrient status. A factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design was conducted using three PGRs (paclobutrazol, daminozide, and tebuconazole), two soilless substrates (coco peat and processed date peat), and two spray frequencies (single and double application). The results showed that paclobutrazol at 40&#xa0;mg L⁻¹ and tebuconazole at 1 mL L⁻¹, particularly under double application, were most effective in reducing plant height and internode length while increasing stem diameter and SPAD values. Tebuconazole at 1 mL L⁻¹ in processed date peat produced the highest total chlorophyll content and leaf phosphorus concentration, whereas daminozide treatments improved root dry weight and potassium concentration. Double spraying consistently enhanced growth control under heat-stress conditions, and processed date peat generally promoted better physiological performance than coco peat. Overall, the application of 40&#xa0;mg L⁻¹ paclobutrazol or 1 mL L⁻¹ tebuconazole twice in processed date peat appears to be a promising strategy for producing compact, nutrient-rich, and physiologically vigorous tomato transplants under warm-season nursery conditions.</p>

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Growth-Regulator Control of Tomato Seedling Architecture and Nutrient Status under Contrasting Soilless Substrates (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. ‘Pamela’)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Abdolali Hesami,
  • Dariush Heidari,
  • Malekhosein Shahriari,
  • Hamidreza Nooryazdan

摘要

High-quality tomato transplant production under hot off-season conditions is often constrained by excessive seedling elongation. This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs), growing substrates, and spray frequency on tomato seedling architecture, physiological traits, and nutrient status. A factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design was conducted using three PGRs (paclobutrazol, daminozide, and tebuconazole), two soilless substrates (coco peat and processed date peat), and two spray frequencies (single and double application). The results showed that paclobutrazol at 40 mg L⁻¹ and tebuconazole at 1 mL L⁻¹, particularly under double application, were most effective in reducing plant height and internode length while increasing stem diameter and SPAD values. Tebuconazole at 1 mL L⁻¹ in processed date peat produced the highest total chlorophyll content and leaf phosphorus concentration, whereas daminozide treatments improved root dry weight and potassium concentration. Double spraying consistently enhanced growth control under heat-stress conditions, and processed date peat generally promoted better physiological performance than coco peat. Overall, the application of 40 mg L⁻¹ paclobutrazol or 1 mL L⁻¹ tebuconazole twice in processed date peat appears to be a promising strategy for producing compact, nutrient-rich, and physiologically vigorous tomato transplants under warm-season nursery conditions.