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<p>Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are multi-copper oxidases that play crucial roles in lignin biosynthesis, defence response, and stress adaptation in plants. Despite their importance, the laccase gene family in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) remains poorly characterized. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the tomato laccase gene family, identifying 28 SlLAC members distributed across 10 chromosomes. Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses revealed considerable diversity in their physicochemical properties, gene structures, and conserved motifs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SlLACs are more closely related to potato and Arabidopsis laccases than to rice orthologs. Promoter analysis identified numerous cis-regulatory elements associated with light responsiveness, hormone signaling, and stress responses. Expression profiling using publicly available and in-house transcriptomic data demonstrated that SlLAC genes are predominantly expressed in roots and are differentially regulated under phosphate- and iron-deficient conditions. Notably, histochemical analysis and spectrophotometric quantification revealed reduced lignin accumulation in plants under phosphate deprivation compared to iron-deficient and control plants. Gene silencing of <i>SlLAC16</i>, a homolog of <i>AtLAC2</i>, resulted in significantly increased lignin deposition, enhanced root and shoot length, and greater biomass accumulation, suggesting that SlLAC16 functions as a negative regulator of lignin biosynthesis in tomato. Our findings provide novel insights into the structural diversity, evolutionary history, and functional roles of the laccase gene family in tomato, with potential applications for improving stress tolerance and biomass production in Solanaceous crops.</p>

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Genome-wide Analysis of Laccase Gene Family in Tomato Highlights the Role of SlLAC16 in Lignin Biosynthesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Gyanesh Shukla,
  • Vishal,
  • Akash,
  • Abhishek Roychowdhury,
  • Rahul Kumar

摘要

Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are multi-copper oxidases that play crucial roles in lignin biosynthesis, defence response, and stress adaptation in plants. Despite their importance, the laccase gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) remains poorly characterized. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the tomato laccase gene family, identifying 28 SlLAC members distributed across 10 chromosomes. Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses revealed considerable diversity in their physicochemical properties, gene structures, and conserved motifs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SlLACs are more closely related to potato and Arabidopsis laccases than to rice orthologs. Promoter analysis identified numerous cis-regulatory elements associated with light responsiveness, hormone signaling, and stress responses. Expression profiling using publicly available and in-house transcriptomic data demonstrated that SlLAC genes are predominantly expressed in roots and are differentially regulated under phosphate- and iron-deficient conditions. Notably, histochemical analysis and spectrophotometric quantification revealed reduced lignin accumulation in plants under phosphate deprivation compared to iron-deficient and control plants. Gene silencing of SlLAC16, a homolog of AtLAC2, resulted in significantly increased lignin deposition, enhanced root and shoot length, and greater biomass accumulation, suggesting that SlLAC16 functions as a negative regulator of lignin biosynthesis in tomato. Our findings provide novel insights into the structural diversity, evolutionary history, and functional roles of the laccase gene family in tomato, with potential applications for improving stress tolerance and biomass production in Solanaceous crops.