<p>Micronutrient deficiencies particularly in zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and iodine (I), remain a major global nutritional challenge. Tomato represents a promising target for agronomic biofortification. This review synthesizes current advances in zinc, iron and iodine biofortification in tomato with emphasis on uptake mechanisms, transport pathways, agronomic interventions and factors governing mineral accumulation in edible tissues. The contributions of soil amendments, foliar spray and tailored fertilization were critically evaluated alongside factors affecting field-level efficiency, soil pH constraints and nutrient antagonism. Across studies, integrated soil–foliar fertilization and nano-enabled delivery systems generally demonstrated higher micronutrient enrichment efficiency than sole soil application. Emerging approaches like nano- fertilizers, precision agriculture are also discussed for their potential to improve nutrient use efficiency and field-level consistency to further enhance their capacity to improve nutrient use efficiency. Available evidence indicates that agronomic biofortification can markedly elevate mineral accumulation in tomato when fertilization strategies are aligned with crop physiology, soil characteristics and genotype-specific uptake and translocation efficiency mediated by ZIP, IRT, YSL and NRAMP transporters. However, field-level implementation remains constrained by inconsistent nutrient availability, environmental variability and limited mechanistic understanding of transport and homeostasis in tomato. Future research should prioritize functional validation of micronutrient transporters, site-specific nutrient management and assessment of postharvest mineral retention and bioavailability. Therefore, Agronomic biofortification of tomato therefore represents a promising strategy for improving tomato nutritional quality in resource-limited regions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>