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<p>Pigeon pea (<i>Cajanus cajan</i> L.) is an important crop that is widely grown in the subtropical and tropical regions of the globe. The crop has high protein content and is an important source for the eradication of malnutrition. However, low yield is a serious constraint of cultivation of this important pulse crop. Hence, identification of key genes in pigeon pea will be a promising approach for studying the genetic constraints of pigeon pea to break the bottlenecks for crop improvement. <i>GA-20-oxidase</i> is a key enzyme in gibberellin biosynthesis that regulates plant growth and development. <i>GA-20-oxidase</i> family genes have not yet been identified in <i>Cajanus cajan</i>. Here, we identified a total of eleven <i>GA-20-oxidase</i> family genes with the help of bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses revealed a close evolutionary relationship between <i>C. cajan</i> and <i>Medicago truncatula</i>. All <i>CcGA20ox</i> family genes contain conserved DIOX_N and 2OG-FeII_Oxy domains, and their promoters harbour light and hormone-responsive cis-elements. qRT-PCR analysis showed tissue-specific expression of <i>CcGA20ox</i> family genes in determinate cultivar, PA16, and indeterminate cultivar, Pusa992. <i>CcGA20ox2-A</i> was highly expressed in SAM and FM, while <i>CcGA20ox3-A/B</i> was predominantly expressed in immature pods. GA<sub>3</sub> and paclobutrazol (PAC, an inhibitor of GA) treatments significantly altered plant architecture: GA<sub>3</sub> increased internode length, while PAC reduced internode length, altered leaf colour, and enhanced axillary branching. Exogenous application of GA₃ induced negative feedback regulation of most <i>CcGA20ox</i> genes, whereas PAC exerted reciprocal effects. <i>CcGA20ox1-C/E</i>,<i> CcGA20ox1-F</i>, and <i>CcGA20ox2-A</i> were most strongly induced under PAC treatment in both cultivars, suggesting a key role in GA biosynthesis and the maintenance of GA homeostasis. These results provide a valuable insight into the identification of <i>GA20oxidase</i> candidate genes that could be helpful to decipher the functional analysis of the <i>CcGA20ox</i> genes in pigeon pea.</p>

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Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Profiling of GA20-Oxidase Family Genes in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Ishwar Baban Jadhav,
  • Venkat Raman K.,
  • Krishnayan Paul,
  • Mahi Baaniya,
  • Rupam Sarkar,
  • Suparna Das,
  • Subhash A.,
  • Anjali Sharma,
  • Joshitha Vijayan,
  • Rama Prashat G.,
  • Rohini Sreevathsa,
  • Debasis Pattanayak

摘要

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) is an important crop that is widely grown in the subtropical and tropical regions of the globe. The crop has high protein content and is an important source for the eradication of malnutrition. However, low yield is a serious constraint of cultivation of this important pulse crop. Hence, identification of key genes in pigeon pea will be a promising approach for studying the genetic constraints of pigeon pea to break the bottlenecks for crop improvement. GA-20-oxidase is a key enzyme in gibberellin biosynthesis that regulates plant growth and development. GA-20-oxidase family genes have not yet been identified in Cajanus cajan. Here, we identified a total of eleven GA-20-oxidase family genes with the help of bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses revealed a close evolutionary relationship between C. cajan and Medicago truncatula. All CcGA20ox family genes contain conserved DIOX_N and 2OG-FeII_Oxy domains, and their promoters harbour light and hormone-responsive cis-elements. qRT-PCR analysis showed tissue-specific expression of CcGA20ox family genes in determinate cultivar, PA16, and indeterminate cultivar, Pusa992. CcGA20ox2-A was highly expressed in SAM and FM, while CcGA20ox3-A/B was predominantly expressed in immature pods. GA3 and paclobutrazol (PAC, an inhibitor of GA) treatments significantly altered plant architecture: GA3 increased internode length, while PAC reduced internode length, altered leaf colour, and enhanced axillary branching. Exogenous application of GA₃ induced negative feedback regulation of most CcGA20ox genes, whereas PAC exerted reciprocal effects. CcGA20ox1-C/E, CcGA20ox1-F, and CcGA20ox2-A were most strongly induced under PAC treatment in both cultivars, suggesting a key role in GA biosynthesis and the maintenance of GA homeostasis. These results provide a valuable insight into the identification of GA20oxidase candidate genes that could be helpful to decipher the functional analysis of the CcGA20ox genes in pigeon pea.