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<p>Flower colors is a pivotal horticultural trait in ornamental plants. <i>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</i> remains insufficiently investigated regarding the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms underlying its petal coloration. The aim of this study was to elucidate the multidimensional factors governing petal coloration and to identify superior genotypes in H. <i>rosa-sinensis</i>. To achieve this objective, an integrated assessment of eight distinct cultivars, evaluating color parameters, pigment composition, nutritional constituents, antioxidant capacity, and mineral elements was undertaken. Results demonstrated statistically significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) inter-cultivar variation in color parameters (<i>L</i><sup><i>*</i></sup>, <i>a</i><sup><i>*</i></sup>, <i>b</i><sup><i>*</i></sup>, <i>C</i><sup><i>*</i></sup>, <i>h°</i>), enabling precise color characterization. Cultivar H1 (‘White Butterfly’) exhibited maximum lightness (<i>L</i><sup><i>*</i></sup> = 82.12), while H3 (‘Molten Gold Sunset’) showed the highest red chromaticity (<i>a</i><sup><i>*</i></sup> = 44.33). H2 (‘C153-1’) displayed the most intense yellow coloration and saturation (<i>b</i><sup><i>*</i></sup> = 70.66, <i>C</i><sup><i>*</i></sup> = 71.03). Pigment composition (Chl, Car, AC, Fla) constituted the primary determinant of coloration, with structural features and physiological-biochemical parameters exerting synergistic effects. Warm-colored cultivars (H3 ‘Molten Gold Sunset’, H4 ‘Sweet Dream’, H5 ‘Sunrise’) were predominantly regulated by PAL activity, MDA content, and phosphorus levels, whereas cool-colored cultivars (H6 ‘Mist’, H7 ‘Wizard’, H8 ‘Dark Side of the Moon’) demonstrated zinc-specific modulation. The pale coloration in H1 and H2 correlated with reduced tissue weight ratio and luminosity. Comprehensive evaluation identified H2 as the optimal cultivar (membership degree with: 2.61). This cultivar demonstrated the strongest antioxidant capacity, coupled with relatively high nutrient and mineral element contents. This investigation establishes a scientific framework for analyzing coloration mechanisms. It supports the strategic utilization of <i>H. rosa-sinensis</i> in ornamental horticulture through multidimensional biomarker assessment.</p>

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Elucidating Petal Coloration Differences in Eight Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Cultivars with Diverse Flower Colors using Multi-Dimensional Indicators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Xiaoyu Gao,
  • Xianglu Jia,
  • Dahong Su,
  • Li Gong,
  • Miaoqin Wei,
  • Liqun Lei,
  • Zhiqing Huang,
  • Yuwei Tang,
  • Zilong Ouyang,
  • Weichao Teng

摘要

Flower colors is a pivotal horticultural trait in ornamental plants. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis remains insufficiently investigated regarding the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms underlying its petal coloration. The aim of this study was to elucidate the multidimensional factors governing petal coloration and to identify superior genotypes in H. rosa-sinensis. To achieve this objective, an integrated assessment of eight distinct cultivars, evaluating color parameters, pigment composition, nutritional constituents, antioxidant capacity, and mineral elements was undertaken. Results demonstrated statistically significant (P < 0.05) inter-cultivar variation in color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, h°), enabling precise color characterization. Cultivar H1 (‘White Butterfly’) exhibited maximum lightness (L* = 82.12), while H3 (‘Molten Gold Sunset’) showed the highest red chromaticity (a* = 44.33). H2 (‘C153-1’) displayed the most intense yellow coloration and saturation (b* = 70.66, C* = 71.03). Pigment composition (Chl, Car, AC, Fla) constituted the primary determinant of coloration, with structural features and physiological-biochemical parameters exerting synergistic effects. Warm-colored cultivars (H3 ‘Molten Gold Sunset’, H4 ‘Sweet Dream’, H5 ‘Sunrise’) were predominantly regulated by PAL activity, MDA content, and phosphorus levels, whereas cool-colored cultivars (H6 ‘Mist’, H7 ‘Wizard’, H8 ‘Dark Side of the Moon’) demonstrated zinc-specific modulation. The pale coloration in H1 and H2 correlated with reduced tissue weight ratio and luminosity. Comprehensive evaluation identified H2 as the optimal cultivar (membership degree with: 2.61). This cultivar demonstrated the strongest antioxidant capacity, coupled with relatively high nutrient and mineral element contents. This investigation establishes a scientific framework for analyzing coloration mechanisms. It supports the strategic utilization of H. rosa-sinensis in ornamental horticulture through multidimensional biomarker assessment.