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<p>The application of nanotechnology in agriculture offers promising solutions to enhance crop resilience against drought, a major constraint to global agricultural productivity. This study investigated the role of foliar-applied calcium nanoparticles (Ca-NPs; 100&#xa0;mg L⁻¹) in modulating drought responses in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.), using the drought-tolerant genotype ZD622 under drought conditions (10% PEG-6000). The integrated transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis revealed that Ca-NPs treatment significantly altered key metabolic pathways involved in drought adaptation. The Ca-NPs responsive metabolites and related genes showed an enhanced pool of carbohydrates profile and differential expression levels with characteristic metabolic shifts, including decreased oligosaccharides (e.g., sucrose) and increased monosaccharides (e.g., mannose, myo-inositol) for osmotic adjustment. Drought also reduced phenylalanine and tryptophan levels while elevating proline and glutamate accumulation, alongside diminished secondary metabolites like phenolics and flavonoids, potentially compromising antioxidant capacity. Notably, Ca-NPs application modulated these responses by maintaining carbohydrate homeostasis and reducing proline accumulation, suggesting an alleviation of osmotic stress. Furthermore, Ca-NPs treatment preserved thylakoid function, stomatal regulation, and cellular redox balance while stabilizing ion homeostasis under drought conditions. These findings demonstrate that Ca-NPs influence metabolic reprogramming in <i>B. napus</i>, shifting plant responses from stress mitigation to growth maintenance. The study provides crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nanoparticle-mediated drought tolerance, highlighting Ca-NPs as a potential nano-priming agent for sustainable crop improvement. By elucidating these adaptive pathways, our work contributes to the development of innovative strategies to enhance rapeseed productivity under water-limited conditions, offering a viable approach to address climate change challenges in agriculture.</p>

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Nano-Calcium Enhances Drought Tolerance by Regulating Photosynthesis and Amino Acid Metabolism In Brassica napus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Ahsan Ayyaz,
  • Iram Batool,
  • Tongjun Qin,
  • Kangni Zhang,
  • Weiqi Chen,
  • Zafar Ullah Zafar,
  • Basharat Ali,
  • Muhammad Ahsan Farooq,
  • Fakhir Hannan,
  • Weijun Zhou

摘要

The application of nanotechnology in agriculture offers promising solutions to enhance crop resilience against drought, a major constraint to global agricultural productivity. This study investigated the role of foliar-applied calcium nanoparticles (Ca-NPs; 100 mg L⁻¹) in modulating drought responses in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), using the drought-tolerant genotype ZD622 under drought conditions (10% PEG-6000). The integrated transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis revealed that Ca-NPs treatment significantly altered key metabolic pathways involved in drought adaptation. The Ca-NPs responsive metabolites and related genes showed an enhanced pool of carbohydrates profile and differential expression levels with characteristic metabolic shifts, including decreased oligosaccharides (e.g., sucrose) and increased monosaccharides (e.g., mannose, myo-inositol) for osmotic adjustment. Drought also reduced phenylalanine and tryptophan levels while elevating proline and glutamate accumulation, alongside diminished secondary metabolites like phenolics and flavonoids, potentially compromising antioxidant capacity. Notably, Ca-NPs application modulated these responses by maintaining carbohydrate homeostasis and reducing proline accumulation, suggesting an alleviation of osmotic stress. Furthermore, Ca-NPs treatment preserved thylakoid function, stomatal regulation, and cellular redox balance while stabilizing ion homeostasis under drought conditions. These findings demonstrate that Ca-NPs influence metabolic reprogramming in B. napus, shifting plant responses from stress mitigation to growth maintenance. The study provides crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nanoparticle-mediated drought tolerance, highlighting Ca-NPs as a potential nano-priming agent for sustainable crop improvement. By elucidating these adaptive pathways, our work contributes to the development of innovative strategies to enhance rapeseed productivity under water-limited conditions, offering a viable approach to address climate change challenges in agriculture.