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<p>This study examined the role of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in mitigating drought-induced oxidative stress in rye (<i>Secale cereale</i> L.) through comprehensive analyses of antioxidant enzyme activities, stress-responsive gene expression, and oxidative stress markers. Rye seedlings were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced water deficit (0%, 6%, 12%, and 18%) with or without EBL (10<sup>− 2</sup> µM) seed priming treatment. Results demonstrated that EBL significantly enhanced activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), while reducing hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under drought stress. Additionally, EBL treatment elevated osmolyte accumulation and maintained membrane integrity under water deficit conditions. Molecular analyses revealed EBL-mediated upregulation of stress-responsive genes, including high-affinity K<sup>+</sup> transporters (<i>HAK1</i>), potassium channel AKT2 (<i>AKT2</i>), and plasma membrane H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase (<i>HA1</i>), and antioxidant defense genes of copper and zinc containing superoxide dismutase (<i>Cu/ZnSOD</i>) and manganese superoxide dismutase (<i>MnSOD</i>), exhibiting tissue-specific regulation patterns. The study presents the first molecular characterization of three drought-responsive genes in rye, offering new genetic insights into its stress physiology. By integrating biochemical, physiological, and gene-level analyses, this study reveals a previously unexplored mechanism by which EBL enhances drought tolerance in rye.</p>

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Biochemical and Molecular Evidence for 24-Epibrassinolide Mediated Drought Tolerance in Rye (Secale cereale L.): Insights into Antioxidant Defense and Stress-Responsive Genes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Sepideh Hatami,
  • Seyed Yahya Salehi-Lisar,
  • Fatemeh Rahmani,
  • Latifeh Pourakbar,
  • Batol Samedani

摘要

This study examined the role of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in mitigating drought-induced oxidative stress in rye (Secale cereale L.) through comprehensive analyses of antioxidant enzyme activities, stress-responsive gene expression, and oxidative stress markers. Rye seedlings were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced water deficit (0%, 6%, 12%, and 18%) with or without EBL (10− 2 µM) seed priming treatment. Results demonstrated that EBL significantly enhanced activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), while reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under drought stress. Additionally, EBL treatment elevated osmolyte accumulation and maintained membrane integrity under water deficit conditions. Molecular analyses revealed EBL-mediated upregulation of stress-responsive genes, including high-affinity K+ transporters (HAK1), potassium channel AKT2 (AKT2), and plasma membrane H+-ATPase (HA1), and antioxidant defense genes of copper and zinc containing superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), exhibiting tissue-specific regulation patterns. The study presents the first molecular characterization of three drought-responsive genes in rye, offering new genetic insights into its stress physiology. By integrating biochemical, physiological, and gene-level analyses, this study reveals a previously unexplored mechanism by which EBL enhances drought tolerance in rye.