The Potential of Exogenous Melatonin Alleviating Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants
摘要
Melatonin acts plant growth regulator possessing potent antioxidant properties and is broadly utilized to mitigate heavy metals (HMs) stress in plants. HMs pollution is a significant threat to plant health and productivity resulting disturbance in ion homeostasis, osmotic balance, and produce oxidative stress, when absorbed by plants. In this review, we explored the HMs contamination in plant systems and the multifaceted role of Melatonin in plants, as a regulatory agent against HMs stress. Additionally, the biosynthetic pathways of melatonin in plants are covered, illuminating its crucial functions in mediating physiological responses. Moreover, we also discussed the significance of exogenous melatonin application in enhancing plant resilience, demonstrating its potential to mitigate the adverse effects of heavy metals. Through a detailed analysis of melatonin-induced protective mechanisms, we illustrated its effectiveness in combating stress associated with specific heavy metals highlighting the pervasive nature of pollutants such as cadmium, nickel, copper, boron, and zinc. This review emphasizes the promising role of melatonin in strengthening HMs stress tolerance in plants and highlights opportunities for future research and practical applications in sustainable agriculture.