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<p>Soil salinization poses a major threat to global agricultural sustainability by inhibiting seed germination, plant growth, and development, as well as flowering and fruiting, thereby reducing crop productivity. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) plays a critical role in plant stress responses by regulating protein S-nitrosylation modifications. This study systematically elucidated the GSNOR-mediated molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in tobacco through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, using <i>GSNOR</i>-overexpressing (OE), RNA interference (RNAi), and wild-type (WT) lines. The multi-omics integration revealed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway is centrally involved in the salt stress response, with 89 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) identified within this pathway. Under salt stress, key lignin biosynthesis pathway genes-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (<i>PAL</i>), 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase (<i>4CL)</i>, and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (<i>CAD</i>) were significantly upregulated in the OE line, accompanied by increased accumulation of related metabolites such as sinapic acid. Compared with the WT, the OE lines exhibited significantly increased leaf lignin and flavonoid contents, as well as enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). In conclusion, GSNOR enhances tobacco salt tolerance by positively regulating phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway to improve reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity. The results of this study will provide theoretical insights into plant salt stress response mechanisms and identify novel targets for genetic improvement of crop stress resistance.</p>

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Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal the Role of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis in Tobacco Salt Tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Yongzheng Qiu,
  • Yanjie Liu,
  • Jieyun Cheng,
  • Xiaoyu Zhang,
  • Yu Zhang,
  • Yue Wang

摘要

Soil salinization poses a major threat to global agricultural sustainability by inhibiting seed germination, plant growth, and development, as well as flowering and fruiting, thereby reducing crop productivity. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) plays a critical role in plant stress responses by regulating protein S-nitrosylation modifications. This study systematically elucidated the GSNOR-mediated molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in tobacco through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, using GSNOR-overexpressing (OE), RNA interference (RNAi), and wild-type (WT) lines. The multi-omics integration revealed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway is centrally involved in the salt stress response, with 89 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) identified within this pathway. Under salt stress, key lignin biosynthesis pathway genes-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) were significantly upregulated in the OE line, accompanied by increased accumulation of related metabolites such as sinapic acid. Compared with the WT, the OE lines exhibited significantly increased leaf lignin and flavonoid contents, as well as enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). In conclusion, GSNOR enhances tobacco salt tolerance by positively regulating phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway to improve reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity. The results of this study will provide theoretical insights into plant salt stress response mechanisms and identify novel targets for genetic improvement of crop stress resistance.