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<p>The increasing population raises concerns about food scarcity in the future. Tuber crops, which meet a significant fraction of the global food demand, are also valuable sources of animal feed. Their production is hampered by various abiotic (drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, etc.) and biotic stresses (viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, weeds, insect pests, etc.). The severity of these stresses is further exacerbated by the changing climatic conditions, which threaten food security. This review examines recent advances in genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas systems, to improve stress resilience in major tuber crops like potato, cassava, and sweet potato. Key abiotic stresses addressed include salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity. For biotic stresses, the focus is on developing resistance to major diseases and insect pests. The review highlights potential gene targets identified through omics approaches that could be manipulated via genome editing to enhance stress tolerance. Recent improvements in CRISPR technology, including base editors and smaller Cas variants, offer increased precision and versatility for tuber crop improvement. While genome editing shows great promise, challenges remain in identifying optimal gene targets and improving editing efficiency in some tuber species. Overall, genome editing presents a powerful tool to rapidly develop climate-resilient, high-yielding tuber crop varieties to meet growing global food demand.</p>

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Stress Resilience in Tuber Crops: A Closer View on Genome Editing and Molecular Approaches

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Pandian Rajendran,
  • Krishnagowdu Saravanan,
  • B. Jagadhesan,
  • R. Ramesh,
  • Divya Bharathi,
  • Pavithra Suryakumar,
  • Nitin Sharma,
  • Yogesh Yele,
  • Ashish Marate,
  • Niranjan Prasad,
  • N. D. Vinay,
  • Palaiyur Nanjappan Sivalingam,
  • Sandeep B. Adavi

摘要

The increasing population raises concerns about food scarcity in the future. Tuber crops, which meet a significant fraction of the global food demand, are also valuable sources of animal feed. Their production is hampered by various abiotic (drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, etc.) and biotic stresses (viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, weeds, insect pests, etc.). The severity of these stresses is further exacerbated by the changing climatic conditions, which threaten food security. This review examines recent advances in genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas systems, to improve stress resilience in major tuber crops like potato, cassava, and sweet potato. Key abiotic stresses addressed include salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity. For biotic stresses, the focus is on developing resistance to major diseases and insect pests. The review highlights potential gene targets identified through omics approaches that could be manipulated via genome editing to enhance stress tolerance. Recent improvements in CRISPR technology, including base editors and smaller Cas variants, offer increased precision and versatility for tuber crop improvement. While genome editing shows great promise, challenges remain in identifying optimal gene targets and improving editing efficiency in some tuber species. Overall, genome editing presents a powerful tool to rapidly develop climate-resilient, high-yielding tuber crop varieties to meet growing global food demand.