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<p>Secondary xylem (wood) formation occurs through xylogenesis. This study aimed to decipher the contribution of ROS in wood formation in eastern cottonwood plants. Seven commercially available clones of <i>Populus deltoides</i> were grown in an open environment, and then, based on ROS levels and growth differences, two contrasting clones, Wimco-109 (fast-growing) and Wimco-83 (slow-growing), were selected and cultivated in a hydroponic medium. Further histochemical and biochemical analyses were conducted to decipher the function of ROS in wood formation. Wimco-109 plants with bigger leaf sizes and stem diameters also produced more superoxide anions. In contrast, Wimco-83 plants exhibited excess production of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which showed retarded growth and more lignification in the xylem and phloem. Biochemical analysis revealed that Wimco-109 plants possess a higher NADPH oxidase (NOX)-like activity. Except for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), other antioxidant enzymes, viz., ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), were significantly greater in Wimco-109. Wimco-83 plants showed higher lipid peroxidation and non-protein thiol content. Superoxide anion levels showed a positive correlation with the growth of stem diameter. Wimco-109 plants exhibited less lignification due to low production of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in the stem tissue. The wood with less lignin content could be useful for the paper pulp industry. In conclusion, histochemical and biochemical studies, and <i>in gel</i> enzyme activity in stem and leaf tissue revealed that ROS (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•−</sup> and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) are essential to wood formation and biomass production.</p>

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Contributions of Reactive Oxygen Species in Growth of Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides): a Biochemical Insight into Wood Formation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Nikita Verma,
  • Vijay Kumar,
  • Roshani Gupta,
  • Rajesh Kumar Tewari

摘要

Secondary xylem (wood) formation occurs through xylogenesis. This study aimed to decipher the contribution of ROS in wood formation in eastern cottonwood plants. Seven commercially available clones of Populus deltoides were grown in an open environment, and then, based on ROS levels and growth differences, two contrasting clones, Wimco-109 (fast-growing) and Wimco-83 (slow-growing), were selected and cultivated in a hydroponic medium. Further histochemical and biochemical analyses were conducted to decipher the function of ROS in wood formation. Wimco-109 plants with bigger leaf sizes and stem diameters also produced more superoxide anions. In contrast, Wimco-83 plants exhibited excess production of H2O2, which showed retarded growth and more lignification in the xylem and phloem. Biochemical analysis revealed that Wimco-109 plants possess a higher NADPH oxidase (NOX)-like activity. Except for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), other antioxidant enzymes, viz., ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), were significantly greater in Wimco-109. Wimco-83 plants showed higher lipid peroxidation and non-protein thiol content. Superoxide anion levels showed a positive correlation with the growth of stem diameter. Wimco-109 plants exhibited less lignification due to low production of H2O2 in the stem tissue. The wood with less lignin content could be useful for the paper pulp industry. In conclusion, histochemical and biochemical studies, and in gel enzyme activity in stem and leaf tissue revealed that ROS (O2•− and H2O2) are essential to wood formation and biomass production.