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<p>Karelian birch (<i>Betula pendula</i> Roth var. <i>carelica</i> (Merckl.) Hämet Ahti, Bc) and <i>B. pendula</i> var. <i>pendula</i> (Bp) are two varieties of <i>B. pendula</i>. While Bp produces high quality wood, Bc is known for unique figured wood. Abnormal wood in Karelian birch is formed in connection with disturbances in cambial activity and differentiation of cambial derivatives. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq on the cambial zone and developing tissues of these two varieties, and discovered differentially expressed genes (DEGs), linked to disturbances in xylo- and phloemogenesis processes. The 936 genes were up-regulated and 167 genes were down-regulated in the Bc vs Bp. Functional profiling of genes list using the capabilities of the Mercator4 showed that DEGs mainly belonged to “metabolism pathways”, “redox homeostasis”, and “phytohormone action” categories. Among the DEGs, 91 genes encode transcription factors, almost all of which were up-regulated in Bc. In the figured parts of Karelian birch trunk, genes of exonuclease family (<i>NEN1/3</i>), participating in sieve elements development were not expressed, which was accompanied by an increase in the storage parenchyma cells’ proportion. The change in the differentiation program of cambial derivatives during the formation of Karelian birch trunk tissues is accompanied by up-regulated expression of genes, involved in Ca<sup>+2</sup>-signaling, ROS-signaling and ethylene signaling. The future functional characterization of the identified candidate genes will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cambium activity and xylem or phloem differentiation. </p>

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Transcriptome Analysis of the Stem Tissues in Two Birch Forms with Different Xylogenesis Scenarios Provide Insights into the Regulation of Xylo- and Phloemogenesis in Woody Plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Natalia A. Galibina,
  • Yulia L. Moshchenskaya,
  • Oleg V. Gorshkov,
  • Tatyana A. Gorshkova,
  • Tatiana V. Tarelkina,
  • Kseniya M. Nikerova,
  • Maxim A. Korzhenevskii,
  • Aleksandra A. Serkova,
  • Anastasiya K. Pomeranets

摘要

Karelian birch (Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Merckl.) Hämet Ahti, Bc) and B. pendula var. pendula (Bp) are two varieties of B. pendula. While Bp produces high quality wood, Bc is known for unique figured wood. Abnormal wood in Karelian birch is formed in connection with disturbances in cambial activity and differentiation of cambial derivatives. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq on the cambial zone and developing tissues of these two varieties, and discovered differentially expressed genes (DEGs), linked to disturbances in xylo- and phloemogenesis processes. The 936 genes were up-regulated and 167 genes were down-regulated in the Bc vs Bp. Functional profiling of genes list using the capabilities of the Mercator4 showed that DEGs mainly belonged to “metabolism pathways”, “redox homeostasis”, and “phytohormone action” categories. Among the DEGs, 91 genes encode transcription factors, almost all of which were up-regulated in Bc. In the figured parts of Karelian birch trunk, genes of exonuclease family (NEN1/3), participating in sieve elements development were not expressed, which was accompanied by an increase in the storage parenchyma cells’ proportion. The change in the differentiation program of cambial derivatives during the formation of Karelian birch trunk tissues is accompanied by up-regulated expression of genes, involved in Ca+2-signaling, ROS-signaling and ethylene signaling. The future functional characterization of the identified candidate genes will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cambium activity and xylem or phloem differentiation.