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<p>Currently, predicted changes to the climate scenario are alarming, and the search for technologies to mitigate the effects of heat stress on crops is a necessity to maintain the global food supply. Thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms that act in the regulation of elevated temperature stress in large crops such as coffee plants is relevant and may be useful for this purpose, which can be expanded to other plants. MiRNAs are small molecules that act in the post-transcriptional regulation of their target genes and have already been reported to act in the thermal regulation of many species. In this context and considering intra- and inter-specific differences, we used three different genotypes of <i>Coffea arabica</i> and also one of <i>C. canephora</i>, the two mainly cultivated species of coffee, to investigate the mechanisms of warming response. A possible scenario of future climate change was simulated by subjecting four genotypes (the&#xa0;<i>C. arabica</i> cvs. Mundo Novo, Catuaí Vermelho, and Arara, and also the&#xa0;<i>C. canephora</i> cv. Robusta Tropical) to a temperature ramp variating from the optimal growth temperature, 19&#xa0;°C/23&#xa0;°C&#xa0;dark/light, until reaching 27&#xa0;°C/31&#xa0;°C (dark/light), and then returning to optimal (19&#xa0;°C/23&#xa0;°C&#xa0;dark/light) in a growth chamber. Physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated revealing similar patterns of warming response for <i>C. arabica</i> genotypes but different from <i>C. canephora</i>. Through RNA-Seq analysis, we identified eight temperature-responsive miRNAs differentially expressed between genotypes and possibly related to thermosensitivity or thermoregulation. From this, we selected one novel and one conserved miRNA, car-miR060-5p, and car-miR828a-5p, respectively, to explore in detail. Analysis of miRNA targets suggested that car-miR060-5p may be involved in the regulation of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathway, while car-miR828a-5p appears to be associated with regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, both of which are linked to warming responses in other plants. Interestingly, the overexpression of the conserved miRNA car-miR828a-5p increased the survival rate in Arabidopsis plants grown under high temperatures, which indicates increased tolerance to heat stress. In conclusion, our results contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding miRNAs and their responses to elevated temperatures, shedding light on potential regulatory mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights and a foundation for future research. Such studies will be crucial for developing crop breeding strategies aimed at enhancing tolerance to climate changes and ensuring agricultural sustainability.</p>

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MicroRNAs as Key Regulators of Thermal Adaptation in Coffee Plants: Insights from Genotypic Variations and Potential Applications in Climate Resilience

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Kellen Kauanne Pimenta de Oliveira,
  • Raphael Ricon de Oliveira,
  • Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos,
  • Rafael Moreira Oliveira,
  • Dawyson de Lima,
  • Gabriel de Campos Rume,
  • Iasminy Silva Santos,
  • Robert Márquez Gutiérrez,
  • Thales Henrique Cherubino Ribeiro,
  • Christiane Noronha Fernandes-Brum,
  • Antonio Chalfun-Júnior

摘要

Currently, predicted changes to the climate scenario are alarming, and the search for technologies to mitigate the effects of heat stress on crops is a necessity to maintain the global food supply. Thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms that act in the regulation of elevated temperature stress in large crops such as coffee plants is relevant and may be useful for this purpose, which can be expanded to other plants. MiRNAs are small molecules that act in the post-transcriptional regulation of their target genes and have already been reported to act in the thermal regulation of many species. In this context and considering intra- and inter-specific differences, we used three different genotypes of Coffea arabica and also one of C. canephora, the two mainly cultivated species of coffee, to investigate the mechanisms of warming response. A possible scenario of future climate change was simulated by subjecting four genotypes (the C. arabica cvs. Mundo Novo, Catuaí Vermelho, and Arara, and also the C. canephora cv. Robusta Tropical) to a temperature ramp variating from the optimal growth temperature, 19 °C/23 °C dark/light, until reaching 27 °C/31 °C (dark/light), and then returning to optimal (19 °C/23 °C dark/light) in a growth chamber. Physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated revealing similar patterns of warming response for C. arabica genotypes but different from C. canephora. Through RNA-Seq analysis, we identified eight temperature-responsive miRNAs differentially expressed between genotypes and possibly related to thermosensitivity or thermoregulation. From this, we selected one novel and one conserved miRNA, car-miR060-5p, and car-miR828a-5p, respectively, to explore in detail. Analysis of miRNA targets suggested that car-miR060-5p may be involved in the regulation of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathway, while car-miR828a-5p appears to be associated with regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, both of which are linked to warming responses in other plants. Interestingly, the overexpression of the conserved miRNA car-miR828a-5p increased the survival rate in Arabidopsis plants grown under high temperatures, which indicates increased tolerance to heat stress. In conclusion, our results contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding miRNAs and their responses to elevated temperatures, shedding light on potential regulatory mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights and a foundation for future research. Such studies will be crucial for developing crop breeding strategies aimed at enhancing tolerance to climate changes and ensuring agricultural sustainability.