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<p>Yellow flag (<i>Iris pseudacorus</i> L.), belonging to the genus of <i>Iris</i>, is a herbaceous flower with significant ornamental, ecological, and economic values. Nevertheless, its limitations include single flower color, short ornamental duration, and long breeding cycles, which impede its widespread landscape use and the development of new cultivars. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration of yellow flag was constructed. The results demonstrate the importance of utilizing tender embryos as explants to establish this environmentally friendly in vitro regeneration system. Notably, we achieved a contamination rate of 0% and a survival rate of 100% by employing 30&#xa0;s alcohol disinfection. The optimal medium for callus induction was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0&#xa0;mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 0.20&#xa0;mg/L kinetin (KT). Different concentrations of cytokinins, including 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), KT, and thidiazuron (TDZ), significantly influenced the regeneration rate of embryogenic callus regeneration, with 0.20&#xa0;mg/L KT achieved the best embryogenic callus regeneration effect. Finally, the genetic stability of regenerated plants was verified by flow cytometry techniques. Consequently, we propose a protocol that optimizes embryogenic callus induction, leading to high rates of regeneration and minimal contamination. This protocol not only lays a foundation for the genetic improvement of irises through transgenic or gene-editing methods but also facilitates plant resource conservation and commercial rapid propagation.</p>

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An Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Strategy for Embryogenic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration of Iris pseudacorus L.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Danqing Li,
  • Chenxi Ji,
  • Lingmei Shao,
  • Tong Xu,
  • Xiaoxuan Chen,
  • Xiaobin Wang,
  • Runlong Zhang,
  • Yunqing Cui,
  • Jiaping Zhang,
  • Yiping Xia

摘要

Yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus L.), belonging to the genus of Iris, is a herbaceous flower with significant ornamental, ecological, and economic values. Nevertheless, its limitations include single flower color, short ornamental duration, and long breeding cycles, which impede its widespread landscape use and the development of new cultivars. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration of yellow flag was constructed. The results demonstrate the importance of utilizing tender embryos as explants to establish this environmentally friendly in vitro regeneration system. Notably, we achieved a contamination rate of 0% and a survival rate of 100% by employing 30 s alcohol disinfection. The optimal medium for callus induction was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 0.20 mg/L kinetin (KT). Different concentrations of cytokinins, including 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), KT, and thidiazuron (TDZ), significantly influenced the regeneration rate of embryogenic callus regeneration, with 0.20 mg/L KT achieved the best embryogenic callus regeneration effect. Finally, the genetic stability of regenerated plants was verified by flow cytometry techniques. Consequently, we propose a protocol that optimizes embryogenic callus induction, leading to high rates of regeneration and minimal contamination. This protocol not only lays a foundation for the genetic improvement of irises through transgenic or gene-editing methods but also facilitates plant resource conservation and commercial rapid propagation.