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<p>In assent with the environmental stimuli, the germination cascade is partially mediated by hormone regulation, viz. the level and the tissue sensitivity, particularly by gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Moreover, water scarcity and quality are a prevalent impediment to its successful accomplishment. Seed sensitivity to such interconnected factors could be quantified via the population-based threshold (PBT) approach. Germination of <i>Capsicum annuum</i> L. across a wide range of water potentials (Ѱ) induced by NaCl, GA<sub>3</sub> concentrations, and their combinations, was appraised to address hydrotime, GA<sub>3</sub>-time, and Ψ-GA<sub>3</sub> time models. Seeds showed relatively low sensitivity to Ѱ (median threshold water potential Ψ<sub>b(50%)</sub> =  − 2.187&#xa0;MPa). Meanwhile, a prominent effect was noted for GA<sub>3</sub> in the germination percentage, primarily at − 1.4&#xa0;MPa, and in the speed, except with 200 and 500&#xa0;µM GA<sub>3</sub>. Exogenous GA<sub>3</sub> improves stress tolerance, i.e. reduces Ѱ sensitivity, mainly by a decrease in Ψ<sub>b(50%)</sub> (shift to − 4.91&#xa0;MPa with 200&#xa0;µM GA<sub>3</sub>) and a continuous increase in the hydrotime constant (<i>θ</i><sub>H</sub>) (from 211.55 to 937.17&#xa0;MPa&#xa0;h) which, unexpectedly, did not resonate slower germination. On the other hand, there is an increase in GA<sub>3</sub> sensitivity until − 0.6&#xa0;MPa (median threshold GA concentration log[GA<sub>b(50%)</sub>]: from − 2.00 to −&#xa0;2.16 log M at − 0.4&#xa0;MPa), then a decrease, and an increment in the standard deviation (<i>σ</i><sub>GA</sub>) which reflects a wide variation in GA sensitivity among individual seeds. Thus, by quantifying changing sensitivity, PBT models could accentuate the underpinning physiological mechanisms that help to understand how GA<sub>3</sub>, Ѱ, and NaCl conjointly may regulate germination.</p>

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Quantification of Gibberellin Sensitivity, a Germination Promoter Hormone, Adjusted to Recover NaCl-Induced Water Potential (Ѱ) Reduction in Capsicum annuum L. Seedlings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Najet Gammoudi,
  • Ali Ferchichi

摘要

In assent with the environmental stimuli, the germination cascade is partially mediated by hormone regulation, viz. the level and the tissue sensitivity, particularly by gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Moreover, water scarcity and quality are a prevalent impediment to its successful accomplishment. Seed sensitivity to such interconnected factors could be quantified via the population-based threshold (PBT) approach. Germination of Capsicum annuum L. across a wide range of water potentials (Ѱ) induced by NaCl, GA3 concentrations, and their combinations, was appraised to address hydrotime, GA3-time, and Ψ-GA3 time models. Seeds showed relatively low sensitivity to Ѱ (median threshold water potential Ψb(50%) =  − 2.187 MPa). Meanwhile, a prominent effect was noted for GA3 in the germination percentage, primarily at − 1.4 MPa, and in the speed, except with 200 and 500 µM GA3. Exogenous GA3 improves stress tolerance, i.e. reduces Ѱ sensitivity, mainly by a decrease in Ψb(50%) (shift to − 4.91 MPa with 200 µM GA3) and a continuous increase in the hydrotime constant (θH) (from 211.55 to 937.17 MPa h) which, unexpectedly, did not resonate slower germination. On the other hand, there is an increase in GA3 sensitivity until − 0.6 MPa (median threshold GA concentration log[GAb(50%)]: from − 2.00 to − 2.16 log M at − 0.4 MPa), then a decrease, and an increment in the standard deviation (σGA) which reflects a wide variation in GA sensitivity among individual seeds. Thus, by quantifying changing sensitivity, PBT models could accentuate the underpinning physiological mechanisms that help to understand how GA3, Ѱ, and NaCl conjointly may regulate germination.