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<p><i>Andrographis paniculata</i>, a well-known medicinal herb, contains a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. Traditional healers frequently use it to treat malaria and other illnesses. <i>Herbaspirillum</i> species, which are classified as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), can enhance plant nitrogen nutrition by facilitating biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), dissolving phosphate, and producing siderophores. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are crucial for fostering the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in their host plants. In the present study, we assessed the potential modifications in the secondary metabolite profile of <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> upon inoculation with <i>Herbaspirillum</i> sp. Untargeted metabolomic profiling revealed that <i>Herbaspirillum</i>&#xa0;inoculation induces metabolic perturbations related to both primary and secondary metabolites, thereby enhancing the growth and development of <i>Andrographis</i>. This inoculation also resulted in increased antioxidant activity and higher levels of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, flavonoid, alkaloid, anthocyanin, and phenolic compounds. Additionally, the bacterial treatment altered some plant metabolites like L-phenylalanine, p-coumarate, cinnamaldehyde, coniferyl aldehyde, and sinapoyl aldehyde from the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. Compared to the control, treated plants exhibited higher expression of metabolites such as andrograpanin, L-phenylalanine, citronellic acid, Met-Ala, and Leu-Thr. The present study revealed that&#xa0;<i>Herbaspirillum</i>&#xa0;sp., which is resistant to arsenic, could be a valuable candidate for mitigating arsenic toxicity in heavy metal-contaminated soil, a major challenge in rice cultivation. The bacterium-induced enhancement of secondary metabolite production in <i>Andrographis</i> sheds light on innovative advancements in biofertilizer formulations for pharmaceutically important crops.</p>

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Modifications in Metabolomic Profile of Andrographis paniculata by Arsenic Tolerance Herbaspirillum sp.: Perception into Plant–Microbe Interactions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • R. Santhoshkumar,
  • A. Hima Parvathy,
  • E. V. Soniya

摘要

Andrographis paniculata, a well-known medicinal herb, contains a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. Traditional healers frequently use it to treat malaria and other illnesses. Herbaspirillum species, which are classified as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), can enhance plant nitrogen nutrition by facilitating biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), dissolving phosphate, and producing siderophores. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are crucial for fostering the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in their host plants. In the present study, we assessed the potential modifications in the secondary metabolite profile of Andrographis paniculata upon inoculation with Herbaspirillum sp. Untargeted metabolomic profiling revealed that Herbaspirillum inoculation induces metabolic perturbations related to both primary and secondary metabolites, thereby enhancing the growth and development of Andrographis. This inoculation also resulted in increased antioxidant activity and higher levels of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, flavonoid, alkaloid, anthocyanin, and phenolic compounds. Additionally, the bacterial treatment altered some plant metabolites like L-phenylalanine, p-coumarate, cinnamaldehyde, coniferyl aldehyde, and sinapoyl aldehyde from the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. Compared to the control, treated plants exhibited higher expression of metabolites such as andrograpanin, L-phenylalanine, citronellic acid, Met-Ala, and Leu-Thr. The present study revealed that Herbaspirillum sp., which is resistant to arsenic, could be a valuable candidate for mitigating arsenic toxicity in heavy metal-contaminated soil, a major challenge in rice cultivation. The bacterium-induced enhancement of secondary metabolite production in Andrographis sheds light on innovative advancements in biofertilizer formulations for pharmaceutically important crops.