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<p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded 20–22 nt RNA molecules which play pivotal roles in plant physiology and stress responses. Plants, being sessile, experience a lot of environmental stresses leading to negative impact on physiological, developmental and cellular processes. Abiotic stresses like extreme temperatures, salinity, drought, nutrient deficiency, heavy metals, mechanical stress and secondary stresses (e.g. oxidative stress) leads to poor growth and development of plants. To combat such challenges, plants harbour diverse molecular mechanisms that operate at different levels. One of the key mechanisms comprises regulation of expression of the stress-responsive genes by small non-coding RNAs. Extensive literature survey reveals that miRNAs, which operate by cleavage or translational inhibition of the target RNAs, can be a promising tool for developing stress tolerant high yielding crop cultivars. In this review, we have summarized different miRNAs reported in plant species and their targets, which are involved in abiotic stress responses that will be helpful in the future research on stress tolerance enhancement of crops.</p>

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Small but Mighty: Role of miRNA in Abiotic Stress Responses and Crop Improvement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Debdatta Chatterjee,
  • Sanjib patra,
  • Arunava Mandal

摘要

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded 20–22 nt RNA molecules which play pivotal roles in plant physiology and stress responses. Plants, being sessile, experience a lot of environmental stresses leading to negative impact on physiological, developmental and cellular processes. Abiotic stresses like extreme temperatures, salinity, drought, nutrient deficiency, heavy metals, mechanical stress and secondary stresses (e.g. oxidative stress) leads to poor growth and development of plants. To combat such challenges, plants harbour diverse molecular mechanisms that operate at different levels. One of the key mechanisms comprises regulation of expression of the stress-responsive genes by small non-coding RNAs. Extensive literature survey reveals that miRNAs, which operate by cleavage or translational inhibition of the target RNAs, can be a promising tool for developing stress tolerant high yielding crop cultivars. In this review, we have summarized different miRNAs reported in plant species and their targets, which are involved in abiotic stress responses that will be helpful in the future research on stress tolerance enhancement of crops.