<p>Raman spectroscopy, widely applied to probe phonon dynamics in nanomaterials, is often considered non-destructive; however, localized laser-driven heating may significantly affect vibrational and structural responses in thermally sensitive systems. We present a systematic Raman spectroscopic study of laser-driven nanostructuring, phase evolution, and surface optical-phonon behavior in ZnO/MnO nanocomposites over a broad range of MnO concentrations (5–95%). Laser power density was varied, from 159 to 955&#xa0;kW/cm², during Raman measurements to evaluate its influence on phonon behavior and phase stability. A critical laser power threshold of 40 mW (637&#xa0;kW/cm²) was identified at 30% MnO concentration, where a Raman mode near 258&#xa0;cm⁻¹ splits into two components, providing direct spectroscopic evidence of this phase transition involving MnO-related intermediate phases. At higher manganese concentrations, the Raman response reveals a complex coexistence and evolution of manganese-related phases, including MnO, Mn₂O₃, MnO₂, MnOOH, Mn₃O₄, ZnMn₂O₄, and ZnMnO₃. Surface-related vibrational modes progressively weaken and disappear with increasing manganese content and laser power, indicating a transition from zinc oxide to manganese oxide-dominated structures. These findings highlight the decisive role of laser excitation conditions in Raman spectroscopy and provide practical guidance for interpreting measurements of thermally sensitive mixed-oxide nanomaterials. </p>