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<p>In real-world scenarios of optical information encoding systems, accurate retrieval of optical information can be challenging due to noise, environmental fluctuations, and system misalignment. As a potential solution, we propose a novel two-dimensional Polarization-referenced phase modulation (PRPM) that allows robust retrieval of encoded information under real-world conditions. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed modulation technique for singularity detection against turbulence and speckle noise conditions during propagation.</p>

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Polarization-referenced phase modulation for encoding and detection of structured singular beams

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Kushal Kumar Tripathi,
  • Raj Kumar,
  • Praveen Kumar

摘要

In real-world scenarios of optical information encoding systems, accurate retrieval of optical information can be challenging due to noise, environmental fluctuations, and system misalignment. As a potential solution, we propose a novel two-dimensional Polarization-referenced phase modulation (PRPM) that allows robust retrieval of encoded information under real-world conditions. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed modulation technique for singularity detection against turbulence and speckle noise conditions during propagation.