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<p>This study proposes a novel technique for rapid three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on pulsed terahertz inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), addressing the critical bottleneck of low reconstruction efficiency in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) ISAR systems for non-destructive testing (NDT) applications. By introducing the Range Migration Algorithm (RMA) and Phase Shift Migration Algorithm (PSMA) into 3D imaging processing, with specialized calibration and adaptation for the ultra-wide bandwidth and poor amplitude flatness characteristics of pulsed terahertz signals, we systematically compare their performance with the conventional time-domain Back-Projection Algorithm (BPA) in terms of imaging quality and computational efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that RMA and PSMA maintain high imaging quality (SNR ≥ 25 dB, MAE &lt; 6.5 dB, SSIM between 0.72 and 0.90, lateral resolution of 0.3 mm, and range resolution of 0.08 mm) while reducing single-image reconstruction time from several hours to minutes-achieving computational efficiency of only 1–2% compared to Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) accelerated BPA. Through non-destructive imaging of practical objects such as thermocouple plugs and integrated circuit (IC) keychain cards, the system clearly reveals submillimeter surface structures, internal screws, and copper coil arrangements, validating its exceptional performance and engineering application potential in 3D imaging for NDT.</p>

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Terahertz ISAR non-destructive testing technology based on THz-TDS with fast reconstruction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Deyue An,
  • Yuanhao Du,
  • Xing Kong,
  • Lian Zhu,
  • Hui Feng,
  • Shuai Wu

摘要

This study proposes a novel technique for rapid three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on pulsed terahertz inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), addressing the critical bottleneck of low reconstruction efficiency in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) ISAR systems for non-destructive testing (NDT) applications. By introducing the Range Migration Algorithm (RMA) and Phase Shift Migration Algorithm (PSMA) into 3D imaging processing, with specialized calibration and adaptation for the ultra-wide bandwidth and poor amplitude flatness characteristics of pulsed terahertz signals, we systematically compare their performance with the conventional time-domain Back-Projection Algorithm (BPA) in terms of imaging quality and computational efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that RMA and PSMA maintain high imaging quality (SNR ≥ 25 dB, MAE < 6.5 dB, SSIM between 0.72 and 0.90, lateral resolution of 0.3 mm, and range resolution of 0.08 mm) while reducing single-image reconstruction time from several hours to minutes-achieving computational efficiency of only 1–2% compared to Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) accelerated BPA. Through non-destructive imaging of practical objects such as thermocouple plugs and integrated circuit (IC) keychain cards, the system clearly reveals submillimeter surface structures, internal screws, and copper coil arrangements, validating its exceptional performance and engineering application potential in 3D imaging for NDT.