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<p>Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) in distilled water and, for the first time, in five plant extracts: <i>Ziziphus spina-christi</i>,<i> Artemisia</i>,<i> Teucrium polium</i>,<i> Haloxylon persicum</i>, and <i>Tamarix.</i> The extracts influenced nanoparticle morphology, optical response, and colloidal behavior. UV–Vis spectra revealed variations in the SPR response, with well-defined plasmonic peaks observed between 400 and 410&#xa0;nm, while the <i>Tamarix</i> sample displayed a broadened spectral feature near 415&#xa0;nm. TEM analysis showed a reduction in mean particle size from ~ 30&#xa0;nm to 5–25&#xa0;nm and a predominantly spherical morphology in the extract-based samples. PL measurements exhibited excitation-dependent and, in some cases, dual-emission behavior. A size-dependent Mie-based interpretation of the UV–Vis extinction spectra, considering the influence of particle-size distribution and the stronger optical contribution of larger nanoparticles, estimated effective refractive indices in the range of 1.347–1.464. These results suggest that phytochemical species modify the local dielectric environment around Ag NPs, while spectral broadening in some samples may also arise from size dispersion, scattering, interparticle coupling, and possible multipolar plasmon contributions. These findings indicate that plant-extract liquid media can influence the physicochemical and plasmonic properties of PLAL-generated Ag NPs.</p>

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Plasmonic response and dielectric environment effects in laser-ablated silver nanoparticles synthesized in plant extracts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Shahaleel A. Aloraidi,
  • Ayman M. Mostafa,
  • Ali Al-Otaify

摘要

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) in distilled water and, for the first time, in five plant extracts: Ziziphus spina-christi, Artemisia, Teucrium polium, Haloxylon persicum, and Tamarix. The extracts influenced nanoparticle morphology, optical response, and colloidal behavior. UV–Vis spectra revealed variations in the SPR response, with well-defined plasmonic peaks observed between 400 and 410 nm, while the Tamarix sample displayed a broadened spectral feature near 415 nm. TEM analysis showed a reduction in mean particle size from ~ 30 nm to 5–25 nm and a predominantly spherical morphology in the extract-based samples. PL measurements exhibited excitation-dependent and, in some cases, dual-emission behavior. A size-dependent Mie-based interpretation of the UV–Vis extinction spectra, considering the influence of particle-size distribution and the stronger optical contribution of larger nanoparticles, estimated effective refractive indices in the range of 1.347–1.464. These results suggest that phytochemical species modify the local dielectric environment around Ag NPs, while spectral broadening in some samples may also arise from size dispersion, scattering, interparticle coupling, and possible multipolar plasmon contributions. These findings indicate that plant-extract liquid media can influence the physicochemical and plasmonic properties of PLAL-generated Ag NPs.