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<p>Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄, CN) was synthesized using the thermal condensation of melamine, whereas MoS₂ was synthesized by a hydrothermal approach. Afterwards, MoS₂ functionalized CN heterojunctions with 1, 2, and 3 wt% MoS₂ were developed by the sonication assisted assembly technique in order to perform the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and hydrogen production. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of both CN and MoS₂ phases, with an average crystalline size of 6.84&#xa0;nm for the optimum composite. From XPS measurements, it was concluded that there were successful interactions in between the two materials. According to the UV–Vis DR spectra, the enhanced visible light absorption along with decreased band gap value of 2.42&#xa0;eV to 2.17&#xa0;eV was observed for the optimum composite as compared to the bare CN. On the basis of photoluminescence analysis, the effective charge carrier separation could be inferred. Photocatalytic activity was investigated using 100&#xa0;mg of catalyst in 100 mL of 10&#xa0;mg L⁻¹ MB solution under visible light. The 2 wt% MoS₂/CN heterojunction showed the best performance, achieving 91% degradation within 90&#xa0;min with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.263&#xa0;min⁻¹. Moreover, the performance optimized heterojunction resulted in an H₂ production rate of 1067 µmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, which was 2 times faster than that of pristine CN. The MoS₂/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction enhanced visible-light absorption and suppressed photogenerated electron-hole recombination compared with pristine g-C₃N₄. The photocatalyst proved to be highly stable as there was no loss in activity even after five successive runs.</p>

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Nanoarchitectonics of MoS₂-modified g-C3N4 synthesized by sonication-assisted assembly for efficient methylene blue degradation and hydrogen production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • P. Rajkumar,
  • B. Felcia Merlin,
  • K. Margandan,
  • R. Jothilakshmi,
  • A. Raja,
  • Vijayakumar Paranthaman,
  • Amanullah Fatehmulla,
  • S. Sridhar

摘要

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄, CN) was synthesized using the thermal condensation of melamine, whereas MoS₂ was synthesized by a hydrothermal approach. Afterwards, MoS₂ functionalized CN heterojunctions with 1, 2, and 3 wt% MoS₂ were developed by the sonication assisted assembly technique in order to perform the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and hydrogen production. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of both CN and MoS₂ phases, with an average crystalline size of 6.84 nm for the optimum composite. From XPS measurements, it was concluded that there were successful interactions in between the two materials. According to the UV–Vis DR spectra, the enhanced visible light absorption along with decreased band gap value of 2.42 eV to 2.17 eV was observed for the optimum composite as compared to the bare CN. On the basis of photoluminescence analysis, the effective charge carrier separation could be inferred. Photocatalytic activity was investigated using 100 mg of catalyst in 100 mL of 10 mg L⁻¹ MB solution under visible light. The 2 wt% MoS₂/CN heterojunction showed the best performance, achieving 91% degradation within 90 min with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.263 min⁻¹. Moreover, the performance optimized heterojunction resulted in an H₂ production rate of 1067 µmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, which was 2 times faster than that of pristine CN. The MoS₂/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction enhanced visible-light absorption and suppressed photogenerated electron-hole recombination compared with pristine g-C₃N₄. The photocatalyst proved to be highly stable as there was no loss in activity even after five successive runs.