<p>This review explores the new progressions in transition metal oxide (TMO) based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, addressing critical challenges in energy storage technologies. The study analyzes various TMO anode materials including iron oxides, cobalt oxides, nickel oxides, mixed transition metal oxides, and carbon-doped titanium dioxide, evaluating their electrochemical performance, structural stability, and practical applicability. A detailed evaluation of structural characterization, electrochemical responses, and preparation strategies indicates notable limitations in the present research landscape. Innovative feature selection techniques were applied to reduce the dimensionality of materials data, enabling more effective comparison across diverse TMO systems. Results indicate that mixed transition metal oxides with hierarchical nanostructures demonstrate superior cycling stability and capacity retention compared to single-metal oxide counterparts, while carbon-doped titanium dioxide offers promising improvements in electrical conductivity and thermal stability. The findings suggest promising directions for developing high-performance, sustainable anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries with enhanced energy density and cycle life.</p>