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<p>Ti6Al4V alloy is widely used in orthopedic implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, controlled modification of its surface remains essential to optimize interfacial performance under physiological conditions. In this study, industrial continuous-wave CO<sub>2</sub> laser texturing (10.6&#xa0;μm wavelength, 32&#xa0;W power, 20&#xa0;mm/s scanning speed, 1000 dpi resolution, 500&#xa0;Hz frequency; energy density ≈ 0.0508&#xa0;J/mm²) was applied to Ti6Al4V ELI discs to generate circular patterns with diameters of 100&#xa0;μm (P100), 500&#xa0;μm (P500), and 800&#xa0;μm (P800), while maintaining constant center-to-center spacing. This approach enabled systematic control of the modified surface fraction (0.37%, 9.2%, and 23.5%, respectively), allowing direct correlation between geometric design and functional response. Surface morphology, chemical composition, phase structure, wettability, and electrochemical behavior were evaluated in Hank’s balanced salt solution at 37&#xa0;°C. X-ray diffraction confirmed preservation of the α/β phase structure after laser processing, while EDS revealed localized oxygen enrichment and residual Mo- and Si-containing compounds associated with the marking process. Increasing the textured area fraction significantly enhanced hydrophilicity, reducing the contact angle from 56.7° (untreated) to 28.8° (P800). However, corrosion current density increased with texture size, indicating a functional trade-off between wettability and electrochemical stability. The results demonstrate that industrial CO<sub>2</sub> laser texturing provides a scalable strategy for tuning interfacial properties of Ti6Al4V alloys, highlighting the importance of controlled geometric modification in balancing biological compatibility and long-term durability.</p>

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Surface modification of Ti6Al4V alloy by CO2 laser texturing: Improving wettability and corrosion resistance for biomedical device applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Anderson Sandoval-Amador,
  • Ana G. Castañeda-Miranda,
  • Lina Traslaviña,
  • Alejandra Nova,
  • Adan Y. Leon,
  • Darío Y. Peña-Ballesteros

摘要

Ti6Al4V alloy is widely used in orthopedic implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, controlled modification of its surface remains essential to optimize interfacial performance under physiological conditions. In this study, industrial continuous-wave CO2 laser texturing (10.6 μm wavelength, 32 W power, 20 mm/s scanning speed, 1000 dpi resolution, 500 Hz frequency; energy density ≈ 0.0508 J/mm²) was applied to Ti6Al4V ELI discs to generate circular patterns with diameters of 100 μm (P100), 500 μm (P500), and 800 μm (P800), while maintaining constant center-to-center spacing. This approach enabled systematic control of the modified surface fraction (0.37%, 9.2%, and 23.5%, respectively), allowing direct correlation between geometric design and functional response. Surface morphology, chemical composition, phase structure, wettability, and electrochemical behavior were evaluated in Hank’s balanced salt solution at 37 °C. X-ray diffraction confirmed preservation of the α/β phase structure after laser processing, while EDS revealed localized oxygen enrichment and residual Mo- and Si-containing compounds associated with the marking process. Increasing the textured area fraction significantly enhanced hydrophilicity, reducing the contact angle from 56.7° (untreated) to 28.8° (P800). However, corrosion current density increased with texture size, indicating a functional trade-off between wettability and electrochemical stability. The results demonstrate that industrial CO2 laser texturing provides a scalable strategy for tuning interfacial properties of Ti6Al4V alloys, highlighting the importance of controlled geometric modification in balancing biological compatibility and long-term durability.