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<p>The production of hydrogen as a zero-emission fuel is crucial for a clean environment. In this work, we have enhanced the electrocatalytic activity of cobalt oxide (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) by decorating the small quantity of Ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru NPs) by simple potentiostatic method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms the cubic crystal structure of the Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows 2D flower like morphology for Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> structures. Furthermore, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirms the incorporation of Ru, with an estimated composition of about 2%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals lattice fringes with a spacing of 2.79 Å and 1.39 Å of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. In contrast, the Ru/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> catalyst exhibits lattice fringes with a spacing of 2.33 Å and 2.44 Å, as well as 2.31 Å and 2.06 Å, which are attributed to Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Ru, respectively. The Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns display both the rings and dots pattern indicating the polycrystalline nature of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and single crystalline characteristics Ru particles. Further, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the existence of Co, Ru, and O elements in Ru/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> catalyst. The electrocatalytic nature was investigated towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The study reveals that Ru/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocatalyst displayed enhanced performance when compared to Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> towards HER. The Ru/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocatalyst displays the onset potential of 170 mV and overpotential of 276 mV at current density of 10&#xa0;mA cm<sup>− 2</sup> demonstrating good stability. The reaction kinetics of the HER process indicate that the Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism is the rate-limiting step.</p>

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Efficient Ru NPs decorated Co3O4 for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Shwetha K. R.,
  • Nagaraju D. H.,
  • Manjula M. C.,
  • Tejaswini A.

摘要

The production of hydrogen as a zero-emission fuel is crucial for a clean environment. In this work, we have enhanced the electrocatalytic activity of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) by decorating the small quantity of Ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru NPs) by simple potentiostatic method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms the cubic crystal structure of the Co3O4. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows 2D flower like morphology for Co3O4 structures. Furthermore, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirms the incorporation of Ru, with an estimated composition of about 2%. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis reveals lattice fringes with a spacing of 2.79 Å and 1.39 Å of Co3O4. In contrast, the Ru/Co3O4 catalyst exhibits lattice fringes with a spacing of 2.33 Å and 2.44 Å, as well as 2.31 Å and 2.06 Å, which are attributed to Co3O4 and Ru, respectively. The Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns display both the rings and dots pattern indicating the polycrystalline nature of Co3O4 and single crystalline characteristics Ru particles. Further, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the existence of Co, Ru, and O elements in Ru/Co3O4 catalyst. The electrocatalytic nature was investigated towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The study reveals that Ru/Co3O4 nanocatalyst displayed enhanced performance when compared to Co3O4 towards HER. The Ru/Co3O4 nanocatalyst displays the onset potential of 170 mV and overpotential of 276 mV at current density of 10 mA cm− 2 demonstrating good stability. The reaction kinetics of the HER process indicate that the Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism is the rate-limiting step.