A novel dosimeter using polystyrene–methyl red composite film: synthesis and characterization for high gamma radiation dose measurement
摘要
Reliable solid-state dosimeters are crucial for industrial and medical sterilization processes that require accurate monitoring of high gamma doses. In this work, thin polystyrene films with 0.2% methyl red (MR/PS) were produced and assessed under 60Co irradiation in the 10–30 kGy range. The films demonstrated a strong and highly linear dose-response at 475 nm, enabling precise measurement of accumulated dose, even though discoloration only became noticeable after 25 kGy. The excellent post-irradiation stability necessary for dosimeter storage and transportation outside of controlled environments was confirmed by the optical response, which stayed constant for two months after exposure and also showed very little variation under combined thermal and humidity conditions (20–40 °C and 20–45% RH). Mechanical testing revealed a radiation-induced strengthening effect due to crosslinking at 10–15 kGy; chain scission and reduced ductility were noted at higher doses (> 20 kGy). Young’s modulus increased by ≈ 16–21%, and the UTS increased by ≈ 30% at 10 kGy and ≈ 21% at 15 kGy, respectively. However, elongation gradually decreased up to ≈ 64% at 30 kGy, indicating a shift from reinforcement to degradation with increasing dose. These results were supported by FTIR and FESEM analyses, which revealed chemical structural changes and a change from smooth to cracked surfaces as the material progressed from mechanical stabilization to degradation. Overall, the MR/PS film exhibits clear, stable, and quantifiable optical and mechanical behavior, supporting its use as a dependable and reasonably priced dosimeter for high-dose gamma sterilization applications.