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<p>Laser cladding (LC) technology has been widely applied in the manufacturing and remanufacturing of high-integrity surface coatings. However, the performance of the coatings is significantly affected by process parameters. To obtain coatings with optimal geometry and microhardness, this study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to explore the mechanism by which LC process parameters regulate coating performance. Single-track coatings of 316&#xa0;L alloy were deposited on a 30CrNiMo8 alloy steel substrate following a design of experiments. Regression equations were established to describe the relationships between laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding speed, and the geometrical characteristics as well as microhardness of the coatings. The accuracy and reliability of the models were verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that laser power exerts a significant influence on the formation and depth of the melt pool, with distinct melt pools forming on the substrate surface when the laser power exceeds 700&#xa0;W. Moreover, process parameters affect the geometrical and mechanical properties of the coatings to varying extents. Among them, scanning speed has the most significant impact on the surface integrity of the coatings, particularly the width-to-height (W/H) ratio of the cladding track and the coating microhardness. In contrast, the width-to-depth (w/d) ratio of the melt pool and the microhardness at the interface are primarily affected by the interaction between scanning speed and powder feeding speed. This study proposes a robust experimental design and manufacturing method, demonstrating that the properties of LC coatings can be accurately predicted and controlled by adjusting key process parameters.</p>

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Experimental investigations and optimization of laser cladding process parameters on geometry and microhardness of single-track coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Dongsheng Ji,
  • Yuhao Chen,
  • Fangyi You,
  • Baocai Zhang,
  • Yunsong Lian,
  • Weisong Ling,
  • Zheng Shen,
  • Wei Zhou

摘要

Laser cladding (LC) technology has been widely applied in the manufacturing and remanufacturing of high-integrity surface coatings. However, the performance of the coatings is significantly affected by process parameters. To obtain coatings with optimal geometry and microhardness, this study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to explore the mechanism by which LC process parameters regulate coating performance. Single-track coatings of 316 L alloy were deposited on a 30CrNiMo8 alloy steel substrate following a design of experiments. Regression equations were established to describe the relationships between laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding speed, and the geometrical characteristics as well as microhardness of the coatings. The accuracy and reliability of the models were verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that laser power exerts a significant influence on the formation and depth of the melt pool, with distinct melt pools forming on the substrate surface when the laser power exceeds 700 W. Moreover, process parameters affect the geometrical and mechanical properties of the coatings to varying extents. Among them, scanning speed has the most significant impact on the surface integrity of the coatings, particularly the width-to-height (W/H) ratio of the cladding track and the coating microhardness. In contrast, the width-to-depth (w/d) ratio of the melt pool and the microhardness at the interface are primarily affected by the interaction between scanning speed and powder feeding speed. This study proposes a robust experimental design and manufacturing method, demonstrating that the properties of LC coatings can be accurately predicted and controlled by adjusting key process parameters.